rs1060502178

Positions:

• chrX-100296713-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -2 ACMG points: 2P and 4B. PM2 BP4_Strong

The NM_001184880.2(PCDH19):​c.3011C>T​(p.Ala1004Val) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 14/20 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 23)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0 (0 hom. 0 hem.)
  • Failed GnomAD Quality Control
• Consequence: PCDH19 NM_001184880.2 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.47

Genes affected

PCDH19 (HGNC:14270): (protocadherin 19) The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the delta-2 protocadherin subclass of the cadherin superfamily. The encoded protein is thought to be a calcium-dependent cell-adhesion protein that is primarily expressed in the brain. Mutations in this gene on human chromosome X are associated with sporadic infantile epileptic encephalopathy and to a female-restricted form of epilepsy (EFMR; also known as PCDH19RE). Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2017]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.06411755).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PCDH19	NM_001184880.2	c.3011C>T	p.Ala1004Val	missense_variant	6/6	ENST00000373034.8	NP_001171809.1
PCDH19	NM_001105243.2	c.2870C>T	p.Ala957Val	missense_variant	5/5		NP_001098713.1
PCDH19	NM_020766.3	c.2867C>T	p.Ala956Val	missense_variant	5/5		NP_065817.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PCDH19	ENST00000373034.8	c.3011C>T	p.Ala1004Val	missense_variant	6/6	1	NM_001184880.2	ENSP00000362125	A1
PCDH19	ENST00000255531.8	c.2870C>T	p.Ala957Val	missense_variant	5/5	1		ENSP00000255531	P5
PCDH19	ENST00000420881.6	c.2867C>T	p.Ala956Val	missense_variant	5/5	1		ENSP00000400327	A1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 23

GnomAD4 exome Data not reliable, filtered out with message: AC0 AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1098143 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 363507

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 23

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 9 Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Oct 06, 2016

This sequence change replaces alanine with valine at codon 1004 of the PCDH19 protein (p.Ala1004Val). The alanine residue is moderately conserved and there is a small physicochemical difference between alanine and valine. This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency) and has not been reported in the literature in individuals with a PCDH19-related disease. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function output the following: (SIFT: "Tolerated"; PolyPhen-2: "Benign"; Align-GVGD: "Class C0"). The valine amino acid residue is found in multiple mammalian species, suggesting that this missense change does not adversely affect protein function. These predictions have not been confirmed by published functional studies. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may alter RNA splicing, but this prediction has not been confirmed by published transcriptional studies. In summary, this variant is a novel missense change with uncertain impact on mRNA splicing and protein function. It has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.084
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.44	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.87
CADD	Benign	17
DANN	Benign	0.54
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.019	.;T;.
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.96	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.84	T;D;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.067	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.064	T;T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.1	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	-1.3	.;N;.
MutationTaster	Benign	0.80	N;N;N
PrimateAI	Benign	0.45	T
PROVEAN	Benign	0.46	N;N;N
REVEL	Benign	0.063
Sift	Benign	0.68	T;T;T
Sift4G	Benign	1.0	T;T;T
Polyphen		0.0010, 0.0	.;B;B
Vest4		0.080
MutPred		0.28		.;Gain of sheet (P = 0.0085);.;
MVP		0.31
MPC		0.50
ClinPred		0.26	T
GERP RS		4.8
Varity_R		0.11
gMVP		0.23

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1060502178; hg19: chrX-99551711;