rs1085307416

chr12-51916111-A-Gchr12-51916111-A-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 13 ACMG points: 13P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP3_Strong PP5_Moderate

The NM_000020.3(ACVRL1):c.1124A>G(p.Tyr375Cys) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 12/20 in silico tools predict a damaging outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. Y375F) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: ACVRL1 NM_000020.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.32

Genes affected

ACVRL1 (HGNC:175): (activin A receptor like type 1) This gene encodes a type I cell-surface receptor for the TGF-beta superfamily of ligands. It shares with other type I receptors a high degree of similarity in serine-threonine kinase subdomains, a glycine- and serine-rich region (called the GS domain) preceding the kinase domain, and a short C-terminal tail. The encoded protein, sometimes termed ALK1, shares similar domain structures with other closely related ALK or activin receptor-like kinase proteins that form a subfamily of receptor serine/threonine kinases. Mutations in this gene are associated with hemorrhagic telangiectasia type 2, also known as Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome 2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 13 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 7 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 4 uncertain in NM_000020.3
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr12-51916111-A-T is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 1493099.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.
• PP2: Missense variant where missense usually causes diseases, ACVRL1
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.994
• PP5: Variant 12-51916111-A-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr12-51916111-A-G is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 426024.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
ACVRL1	NM_000020.3	c.1124A>G	p.Tyr375Cys	missense_variant	8/10	ENST00000388922.9

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
ACVRL1	ENST00000388922.9	c.1124A>G	p.Tyr375Cys	missense_variant	8/10	1	NM_000020.3	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Pulmonary arterial hypertension related to hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

literature only

Rare Disease Genomics Group, St George's University of London

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- -

Telangiectasia, hereditary hemorrhagic, type 2 Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Aug 19, 2023

This sequence change replaces tyrosine, which is neutral and polar, with cysteine, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 375 of the ACVRL1 protein (p.Tyr375Cys). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individuals with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) and/or pulmonary arterial hypertension (PMID: 23919827; Invitae). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 426024). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt ACVRL1 protein function. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. This variant disrupts the p.Tyr375 amino acid residue in ACVRL1. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 12843319). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.59	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.61
Cadd	Pathogenic	30
Dann	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.96	D;.;D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.99
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.86
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.92	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.99	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.9	H;.;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D;D
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.84	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-9.0	D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.98
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;D;D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0	D;D;D
Polyphen		1.0	D;.;D
Vest4		0.99
MutPred		0.93		Loss of phosphorylation at Y375 (P = 0.0637);.;.;
MVP		0.99
MPC		1.7
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.0
Varity_R		0.96
gMVP		0.99

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1085307416; hg19: chr12-52309895;