rs111033757
Variant summary
Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PM1PM2PP3_Strong
The NM_000155.4(GALT):c.745T>C(p.Trp249Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000137 in 1,461,152 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).
Frequency
Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 ( 0 hom. )
Consequence
GALT
NM_000155.4 missense
NM_000155.4 missense
Scores
14
2
1
Clinical Significance
Conservation
PhyloP100: 7.40
Genes affected
GALT (HGNC:4135): (galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase) Galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase (GALT) catalyzes the second step of the Leloir pathway of galactose metabolism, namely the conversion of UDP-glucose + galactose-1-phosphate to glucose-1-phosphate + UDP-galactose. The absence of this enzyme results in classic galactosemia in humans and can be fatal in the newborn period if lactose is not removed from the diet. The pathophysiology of galactosemia has not been clearly defined. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]
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ACMG classification
Classification made for transcript
Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points.
PM1
?
In a hotspot region, there are 3 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 6 uncertain in NM_000155.4
PM2
?
Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;
PP3
?
MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.995
Transcripts
RefSeq
Gene | Transcript | HGVSc | HGVSp | Effect | #exon/exons | MANE | UniProt |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GALT | NM_000155.4 | c.745T>C | p.Trp249Arg | missense_variant | 8/11 | ENST00000378842.8 | |
GALT | NM_001258332.2 | c.418T>C | p.Trp140Arg | missense_variant | 6/9 |
Ensembl
Gene | Transcript | HGVSc | HGVSp | Effect | #exon/exons | TSL | MANE | Appris | UniProt |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GALT | ENST00000378842.8 | c.745T>C | p.Trp249Arg | missense_variant | 8/11 | 1 | NM_000155.4 | P1 |
Frequencies
GnomAD3 genomes ? Cov.: 32
GnomAD3 genomes
?
Cov.:
32
GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000137 AC: 2AN: 1461152Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1AN XY: 726952
GnomAD4 exome
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2
AN:
1461152
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Cov.:
32
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AC XY:
1
AN XY:
726952
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GnomAD4 genome ? Cov.: 32
GnomAD4 genome
?
Cov.:
32
Alfa
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ClinVar
Significance: Uncertain significance
Submissions summary: Uncertain:1
Revision: criteria provided, single submitter
LINK: link
Submissions by phenotype
Deficiency of UDPglucose-hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase Uncertain:1
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Invitae | Aug 14, 2021 | This sequence change replaces tryptophan with arginine at codon 249 of the GALT protein (p.Trp249Arg). The tryptophan residue is highly conserved and there is a moderate physicochemical difference between tryptophan and arginine. This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This variant has been observed in individual(s) with clinical features of galactosemia (PMID: 10573007). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 25251). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt GALT protein function. Experimental studies have shown that this variant affects GALT protein function (PMID: 10573007). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. - |
Computational scores
Source:
Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
AlphaMissense
Pathogenic
BayesDel_addAF
Pathogenic
D
BayesDel_noAF
Pathogenic
Cadd
Pathogenic
Dann
Uncertain
Eigen
Pathogenic
Eigen_PC
Pathogenic
FATHMM_MKL
Pathogenic
D
LIST_S2
Pathogenic
D;D
M_CAP
Pathogenic
D
MetaRNN
Pathogenic
D;D
MetaSVM
Pathogenic
D
MutationTaster
Benign
A;A
PrimateAI
Pathogenic
D
PROVEAN
Pathogenic
D;D
REVEL
Pathogenic
Sift
Pathogenic
D;D
Sift4G
Uncertain
D;D
Polyphen
1.0
.;D
Vest4
MutPred
0.99
.;Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0542);
MVP
MPC
2.4
ClinPred
D
GERP RS
Varity_R
gMVP
Splicing
Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)
Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at