rs113055163

chr16-68801898-G-Achr16-68801898-G-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. Variant got -16 ACMG points: 0P and 16B. BP4_Strong BP6_Very_Strong BS2

The NM_004360.5(CDH1):c.387+5G>A variant causes a splice donor 5th base, intron change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000378 in 1,612,180 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 1 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predict no significant impact on normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Benign (★★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.00011 (1 hom., cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000030 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: CDH1 NM_004360.5 splice_donor_5th_base, intron
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 0.7040
• Clinical Significance: Benign reviewed by expert panel U:2 B:11
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 4.10

Genes affected

CDH1 (HGNC:1748): (cadherin 1) This gene encodes a classical cadherin of the cadherin superfamily. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate the mature glycoprotein. This calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion protein is comprised of five extracellular cadherin repeats, a transmembrane region and a highly conserved cytoplasmic tail. Mutations in this gene are correlated with gastric, breast, colorectal, thyroid and ovarian cancer. Loss of function of this gene is thought to contribute to cancer progression by increasing proliferation, invasion, and/or metastasis. The ectodomain of this protein mediates bacterial adhesion to mammalian cells and the cytoplasmic domain is required for internalization. This gene is present in a gene cluster with other members of the cadherin family on chromosome 16. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Benign. Variant got -16 ACMG points.

• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (BayesDel_noAF=-0.81).
• BP6: Variant 16-68801898-G-A is Benign according to our data. Variant chr16-68801898-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Benign]. Clinvar id is 142462.Status of the report is reviewed_by_expert_panel, 3 stars. Variant chr16-68801898-G-A is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic].
• BS2: High AC in GnomAd at 10 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
CDH1	NM_004360.5	c.387+5G>A		splice_donor_5th_base_variant, intron_variant		ENST00000261769.10
CDH1	NM_001317184.2	c.387+5G>A		splice_donor_5th_base_variant, intron_variant
CDH1	NM_001317185.2	c.-1229+5G>A		splice_donor_5th_base_variant, intron_variant
CDH1	NM_001317186.2	c.-1433+5G>A		splice_donor_5th_base_variant, intron_variant

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
CDH1	ENST00000261769.10	c.387+5G>A		splice_donor_5th_base_variant, intron_variant		1	NM_004360.5	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.0000657 AC: 10 AN: 152212 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.000217

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.0000654

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.0000160 AC: 4 AN: 250142 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.0000148 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 135310

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.000124

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.000109

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000301 AC: 44 AN: 1459850 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.0000317 AC XY: 23 AN XY: 726416

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.000449

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.0000252

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.000448

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.000112 AC: 17 AN: 152330 Hom.: 1 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.000134 AC XY: 10 AN XY: 74484

Gnomad4 AFR AF: 0.000289

Gnomad4 AMR AF: 0.0000654

Gnomad4 ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH AF: 0.00189

Alfa AF: 0.0000989 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.000102

Asia WGS AF: 0.00577 AC: 20 AN: 3478

ClinVar

Significance: Benign

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2 Benign:11

Revision: reviewed by expert panel

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma Uncertain:2 Benign:3

Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Mendelics	Aug 22, 2023	- -
Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Jan 04, 2024	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Myriad Genetics, Inc.	Mar 06, 2023	This variant is classified as a variant of uncertain significance as there is insufficient evidence to determine its impact on protein function and/or cancer risk. -
Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	European Reference Network on Genetic Tumour Risk Syndromes (ERN-GENTURIS), i3s - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto	Aug 01, 2022	BS2; BS3; BP2_Strong (PMID: 30311375) -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	Nov 21, 2015	- -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Benign:3

Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Nov 24, 2018	This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -
Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	curation	Sema4, Sema4	Aug 17, 2021	- -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Jul 26, 2021	- -

not specified Benign:2

Likely benign, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago	Aug 22, 2022	- -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp	Oct 05, 2020	Variant summary: CDH1 c.387+5G>A alters a conserved nucleotide located close to a canonical splice site and therefore could affect mRNA splicing, leading to a significantly altered protein sequence. 4/4 computational tools predict no significant impact on normal splicing. However, these predictions have yet to be confirmed by functional studies. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 1.6e-05 in 250142 control chromosomes. The available data on variant occurrences in the general population are insufficient to allow any conclusion about variant significance. c.387+5G>A has been reported in the literature in one individual affected with Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip with or without Cleft Palate (Brito_2015). This report does not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Six clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation. Multiple laboratories reported the variant with conflicting assessments (benign/likelye benign n=2, VUS n=4). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely benign. -

not provided Benign:2

Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano	May 11, 2023	- -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Aug 25, 2020	In-silico analysis, which includes splice predictors and evolutionary conservation, is inconclusive as to whether the variant alters gene splicing. In the absence of RNA/functional studies, the actual effect of this sequence change is unknown.; Published functional studies demonstrate no damaging effect: no aberrant splicing observed (Karam 2019); Identified in an individual with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (Brito 2015); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 31638429, 31642931, 30661051, 26123647) -

CDH1-related diffuse gastric and lobular breast cancer syndrome Benign:1

Benign, reviewed by expert panel

curation

ClinGen CDH1 Variant Curation Expert Panel

Aug 10, 2023

The c.387+5G>A variant has been observed in >10 individuals without a diagnosis of diffuse gastric cancer, signet ring tumor or lobular breast cancer and whose family histories do not suggest HDGC (BS2; SCV000329224.7, SCV000288482.5, SCV000186607.5). This variant was also observed in the homozygous state in an individual without a personal and/or family history of diffuse gastric cancer, lobular breast cancer (BP2_Strong; SCV000288482.5). RNA studies demonstrated no abnormal splicing (BS3; PMID: 31642931). In summary, this variant meets criteria to be classified as benign. ACMG/AMP criteria applied, as specified by the CDH1 Variant Curation Expert Panel (Variant Interpretation Guidelines Version 3.1): BS2, BS3, BP2_Strong. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.81
Cadd	Benign	15
Dann	Benign	0.40

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Benign	0.70
dbscSNV1_RF	Benign	0.54
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs113055163; hg19: chr16-68835801;