rs121908519

Variant names:

• chr2-32136890-C-A
• rs121908519
• NM_014946.4:c.1335C>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 12 ACMG points: 12P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP3_Strong PP5

The NM_014946.4(SPAST):​c.1335C>A​(p.Ser445Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000685 in 1,460,822 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. S445N) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: SPAST NM_014946.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic no assertion criteria provided P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.997
• Publications: 1 publications found

Genes affected

SPAST (HGNC:11233): (spastin) This gene encodes a member of the AAA (ATPases associated with a variety of cellular activities) protein family. Members of this protein family share an ATPase domain and have roles in diverse cellular processes including membrane trafficking, intracellular motility, organelle biogenesis, protein folding, and proteolysis. The use of alternative translational initiation sites in this gene results in a single transcript variant that can produce isoforms that differ in the length of their N-terminus and which thereby differ in the efficiency of their export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. In addition, alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode isoforms that differ in other protein regions as well. One isoform of this gene has been shown to be a microtubule-severing enzyme that regulates microtubule abundance, mobility, and plus-end distribution. Mutations in this gene cause the most frequent form of autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia 4. [provided by RefSeq, May 2018]

SPAST Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• hereditary spastic paraplegia 4

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Illumina, Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics
• Charlevoix-Saguenay spastic ataxia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: G2P
• neurodevelopmental disorder

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: G2P
• SPAST-related motor disorder

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Ambry Genetics

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 12 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 10 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 3 uncertain in NM_014946.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr2-32136889-G-C is described in ClinVar as Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 430223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 148 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 21 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 1.2438 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 0.22274 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to hereditary spastic paraplegia 4, SPAST-related motor disorder, Charlevoix-Saguenay spastic ataxia, neurodevelopmental disorder.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.978
• PP5: Variant 2-32136890-C-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr2-32136890-C-A is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 5676.Status of the report is no_assertion_criteria_provided, 0 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
SPAST	NM_014946.4	c.1335C>A	p.Ser445Arg	missense_variant	Exon 11 of 17	ENST00000315285.9	NP_055761.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
SPAST	ENST00000315285.9	c.1335C>A	p.Ser445Arg	missense_variant	Exon 11 of 17	1	NM_014946.4	ENSP00000320885.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.85e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1460822 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 30 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 726770

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33456

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44716

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26124

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39654

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86230

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53398

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5764

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 9.00e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1111132

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60348

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: no assertion criteria provided

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary spastic paraplegia 4 Pathogenic:1

Jul 11, 2006

OMIM

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: literature only

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.43	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.39
CADD	Uncertain	24
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.91	D;D;.;.;.;.;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.26
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.19
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.87	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	.;D;D;.;D;D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.36	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.98	D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.69	D
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.7	L;L;.;.;.;.;.;.
PhyloP100		1.0
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.86	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-5.0	D;.;D;.;.;.;.;.
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.84
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;.;D;.;.;.;.;.
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0010	D;D;D;.;.;.;.;.
Polyphen		1.0	D;D;.;.;.;.;.;.
Vest4		0.98
MutPred		0.92		Loss of phosphorylation at S445 (P = 0.0626);Loss of phosphorylation at S445 (P = 0.0626);.;.;.;.;.;.;
MVP		1.0
MPC		2.4
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		-0.043
Varity_R		0.99
gMVP		0.98
Mutation Taster		=0/100	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs121908519; hg19: chr2-32361959;