rs121917857

Variant names:

• chr2-219057441-A-G
• rs121917857
• NM_002181.4:c.569T>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 11 ACMG points: 11P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP2 PP3_Strong PP5_Moderate

The NM_002181.4(IHH):​c.569T>C​(p.Val190Ala) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000703 in 1,421,668 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. V190I) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 7.0e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: IHH NM_002181.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.24
• Publications: 6 publications found

Genes affected

IHH (HGNC:5956): (Indian hedgehog signaling molecule) This gene encodes a member of the hedgehog family of proteins. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate multiple protein products, including an N-terminal fragment that is involved in signaling. Hedgehog family proteins are essential secreted signaling molecules that regulate a variety of developmental processes including growth, patterning and morphogenesis. The protein encoded by this gene specifically plays a role in bone growth and differentiation. Mutations in this gene are the cause of brachydactyly type A1, which is characterized by shortening or malformation of the fingers and toes. Mutations in this gene are also the cause of acrocapitofemoral dysplasia. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

IHH Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• brachydactyly type A1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, Ambry Genetics, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• acrocapitofemoral dysplasia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE, LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P, Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 11 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a chain Indian hedgehog protein N-product (size 174) in uniprot entity IHH_HUMAN there are 21 pathogenic changes around while only 3 benign (88%) in NM_002181.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 17 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 4 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 1.4539 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 1.9945 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to brachydactyly type A1, acrocapitofemoral dysplasia.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.968
• PP5: Variant 2-219057441-A-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr2-219057441-A-G is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 8871.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_002181.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	IHH	NM_002181.4	MANE Select	c.569T>C	p.Val190Ala	missense	Exon 2 of 3	NP_002172.2

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	IHH	ENST00000295731.7	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.569T>C	p.Val190Ala	missense	Exon 2 of 3	ENSP00000295731.5

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome AF: 7.03e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1421668 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 34 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 703960

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 32284

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 38446

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 25436

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 36916

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 81794

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 49856

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5724

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 9.15e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1092300

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 58912

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions as Germline

Significance: Pathogenic

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
1	-	-	Acrocapitofemoral dysplasia (1)
1	-	-	not provided (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.99
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.52	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.52
CADD	Pathogenic	32
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.99	D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.71
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.71
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.97	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.58	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.97	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.3	M
PhyloP100		9.2
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.85	D
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.6	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.92
Sift	Uncertain	0.0020	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0030	D
Polyphen		0.78	P
Vest4		0.89
MutPred		0.84		Loss of catalytic residue at V190 (P = 0.0433)
MVP		0.97
MPC		1.9
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		5.4
Varity_R		0.82
gMVP		0.91
Mutation Taster		=15/85	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs121917857; hg19: chr2-219922163;