rs121917896

Variant names:

• chr11-36593315-A-C
• rs121917896
• NM_000536.4:c.854T>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 15 ACMG points: 15P and 0B. PM2 PP2 PP3_Strong PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000536.4(RAG2):​c.854T>G​(p.Met285Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: RAG2 NM_000536.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 8.95
• Publications: 6 publications found

Genes affected

RAG2 (HGNC:9832): (recombination activating 2) This gene encodes a protein that is involved in the initiation of V(D)J recombination during B and T cell development. This protein forms a complex with the product of the adjacent recombination activating gene 1, and this complex can form double-strand breaks by cleaving DNA at conserved recombination signal sequences. The recombination activating gene 1 component is thought to contain most of the catalytic activity, while the N-terminal of the recombination activating gene 2 component is thought to form a six-bladed propeller in the active core that serves as a binding scaffold for the tight association of the complex with DNA. A C-terminal plant homeodomain finger-like motif in this protein is necessary for interactions with chromatin components, specifically with histone H3 that is trimethylated at lysine 4. Mutations in this gene cause Omenn syndrome, a form of severe combined immunodeficiency associated with autoimmune-like symptoms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

RAG1 (HGNC:9831): (recombination activating 1) The protein encoded by this gene is involved in activation of immunoglobulin V-D-J recombination. The encoded protein is involved in recognition of the DNA substrate, but stable binding and cleavage activity also requires RAG2. Defects in this gene can be the cause of several diseases. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

RAG1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• immunodeficiency disease

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• Omenn syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, G2P, Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics
• recombinase activating gene 1 deficiency

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• severe combined immunodeficiency, autosomal recessive, T cell-negative, B cell-negative, NK cell-positive

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• combined immunodeficiency due to partial RAG1 deficiency

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 15 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 56 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 9 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 0.19672 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 0.57458 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to severe combined immunodeficiency, autosomal recessive, T cell-negative, B cell-negative, NK cell-positive, Omenn syndrome, recombinase activating gene 2 deficiency.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.976
• PP5: Variant 11-36593315-A-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr11-36593315-A-C is described in ClinVar as Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 13132.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
RAG2	NM_000536.4	c.854T>G	p.Met285Arg	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 2	ENST00000311485.8	NP_000527.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
RAG2	ENST00000311485.8	c.854T>G	p.Met285Arg	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 2	1	NM_000536.4	ENSP00000308620.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.000548 Hom.: 0

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Severe combined immunodeficiency disease Pathogenic:1

Jan 31, 2025

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: RAG2 c.854T>G (p.Met285Arg) results in a non-conservative amino acid change located in the Recombination activating protein 2 (IPR004321) of the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant was absent in 251344 control chromosomes. c.854T>G has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (Tirosh_2019, Villa_1998). These data indicate that the variant may be associated with disease. At least one publication reports experimental evidence evaluating an impact on protein function. The most pronounced variant effect results in 25% of recombination activity compared to WT. The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 29772310, 9630231). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 13132). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely pathogenic. -

Histiocytic medullary reticulosis Pathogenic:1

May 29, 1998

OMIM

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: literature only

- -

Inborn error of immunity;C2700553:Histiocytic medullary reticulosis;CN257931:Recombinase activating gene 2 deficiency Pathogenic:1

Mar 06, 2018

Pediatric Immunology Service, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center at Tel HaShomer

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: research

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.60
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.47	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.44
CADD	Pathogenic	27
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.93	D;D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.95
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.90
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.98	.;D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.25	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.98	D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	0.99	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.4	M;M
PhyloP100		8.9
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.56	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-4.6	D;.
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.95
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;.
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0	D;D
Polyphen		0.98	D;D
Vest4		0.83
MutPred		0.83		Loss of ubiquitination at K283 (P = 0.0449);Loss of ubiquitination at K283 (P = 0.0449);
MVP		0.97
MPC		0.54
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		5.7
Varity_R		0.95
gMVP		0.93
Mutation Taster		=40/60	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.020		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs121917896; hg19: chr11-36614865;