rs121918171

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PM1PM2PP3_Strong

The NM_000275.3(OCA2):c.1182G>A(p.Met394Ile) variant causes a missense, splice region change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000274 in 1,461,576 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

Frequency

Genomes: not found (cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000027 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

OCA2
NM_000275.3 missense, splice_region

Scores

Splicing: ADA: 1.000

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter P:1U:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 6.96

Publications

6 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

OCA2 (HGNC:8101): (OCA2 melanosomal transmembrane protein) This gene encodes the human homolog of the mouse p (pink-eyed dilution) gene. The encoded protein is believed to be an integral membrane protein involved in small molecule transport, specifically tyrosine, which is a precursor to melanin synthesis. It is involved in mammalian pigmentation, where it may control skin color variation and act as a determinant of brown or blue eye color. Mutations in this gene result in type 2 oculocutaneous albinism. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

OCA2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

oculocutaneous albinism type 2
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, Ambry Genetics, G2P, ClinGen

OCA2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 8 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 3 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 10 uncertain in NM_000275.3

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP3

Splicing predictors support a deleterious effect. Scorers claiming Pathogenic: dbscSNV1_ADA, dbscSNV1_RF, max_spliceai. No scorers claiming Uncertain. No scorers claiming Benign.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
OCA2	NM_000275.3 link	c.1182G>A	p.Met394Ile	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	Exon 11 of 24	ENST00000354638.8	NP_000266.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
OCA2	ENST00000354638.8 link	c.1182G>A	p.Met394Ile	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	Exon 11 of 24	1	NM_000275.3	ENSP00000346659.3
OCA2	ENST00000353809.9 link	c.1110G>A	p.Met370Ile	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	Exon 10 of 23	1		ENSP00000261276.8

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

Cov.:

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000119

AC:

AN:

251298

AF XY:

0.00000736

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.000163

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000274

AC:

AN:

1461576

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000138

AC XY:

AN XY:

727080

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33474

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44722

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26132

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000101

AC:

AN:

39694

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86238

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53418

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5754

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

1111758

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60386

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.438

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

Cov.:

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

ExAC

AF:

0.00000824

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Tyrosinase-positive oculocutaneous albinism

Pathogenic:1Uncertain:1

Dec 06, 2023

3billion

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The variant is observed at an extremely low frequency in the gnomAD v2.1.1 dataset (total allele frequency: 0.001%). Predicted Consequence/Location: Missense variant In silico tool predictions suggest damaging effect of the variant on gene or gene product [REVEL: 0.89 (>=0.6, sensitivity 0.68 and specificity 0.92); 3Cnet: 0.78 (>=0.6, sensitivity 0.72 and precision 0.9)]. Same nucleotide change resulting in same amino acid change has been previously reported to be associated with OCA2-related disorder (ClinVar ID: VCV000000965 /PMID: 12713581). However, the evidence of pathogenicity is insufficient at this time. Therefore, this variant is classified as VUS according to the recommendation of ACMG/AMP guideline.

Jan 01, 2005

OMIM

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:literature only

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.99

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.28

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.43

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.0

.;D

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.93

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.84

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.93

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

0.99

D;D

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.11

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.97

D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.0

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.0

.;M

PhyloP100

7.0

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.69

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-3.5

D;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.89

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D

Vest4

0.95

ClinPred

0.91

GERP RS

5.0

Varity_R

0.84

gMVP

0.98

Mutation Taster

=5/95

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

dbscSNV1_ADA

Pathogenic

1.0

dbscSNV1_RF

Pathogenic

1.0

Splicevardb

1.0

SpliceAI score (max)

0.71

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

DS_DG_spliceai

0.61

Position offset: -42

DS_DL_spliceai

0.71

Position offset: 0

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over