rs121918632

Positions:

• chr2-165996099-A-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 15 ACMG points: 15P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP2 PP3_Moderate PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_001165963.4(SCN1A):​c.4495T>C​(p.Phe1499Leu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000066 in 151,492 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 12/21 in silico tools predict a damaging outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. F1499F) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency: Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 (0 hom., cov: 32)
• Consequence: SCN1A NM_001165963.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:4 O:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.32

Genes affected

SCN1A (HGNC:10585): (sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 1) Voltage-dependent sodium channels are heteromeric complexes that regulate sodium exchange between intracellular and extracellular spaces and are essential for the generation and propagation of action potentials in muscle cells and neurons. Each sodium channel is composed of a large pore-forming, glycosylated alpha subunit and two smaller beta subunits. This gene encodes a sodium channel alpha subunit, which has four homologous domains, each of which contains six transmembrane regions. Allelic variants of this gene are associated with generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures and epileptic encephalopathy. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. The RefSeq Project has decided to create four representative RefSeq records. Three of the transcript variants are supported by experimental evidence and the fourth contains alternate 5' untranslated exons, the exact combination of which have not been experimentally confirmed for the full-length transcript. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

SCN1A-AS1 (HGNC:54069): (SCN1A and SCN9A antisense RNA 1)

LOC102724058 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 15 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 5 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 7 uncertain in NM_001165963.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant where missense usually causes diseases, SCN1A
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.887
• PP5: Variant 2-165996099-A-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr2-165996099-A-G is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 12902.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr2-165996099-A-G is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
SCN1A	NM_001165963.4	c.4495T>C	p.Phe1499Leu	missense_variant	27/29	ENST00000674923.1
LOC102724058	NR_110598.1	n.176-19514A>G		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
SCN1A	ENST00000674923.1	c.4495T>C	p.Phe1499Leu	missense_variant	27/29		NM_001165963.4	P4
SCN1A-AS1	ENST00000651574.1	n.193-19514A>G		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.00000660 AC: 1 AN: 151492 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.0000945

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 29

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.00000660 AC: 1 AN: 151492 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.0000135 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 73978

Gnomad4 AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN AF: 0.0000945

Gnomad4 NFE AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH AF: 0.00

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:4 Other:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen	Apr 01, 2017	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Mayo Clinic Laboratories, Mayo Clinic	Oct 07, 2021	PP1_strong, PP3, PP4, PM1, PM2, PS3, PS4_moderate -

Migraine, familial hemiplegic, 3 Pathogenic:1 Other:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	literature only	OMIM	Mar 31, 2009	- -
not provided, no classification provided	literature only	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	-	- -

Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy with suppression bursts Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Oct 23, 2022

This missense change has been observed in individuals with familial hemiplegic migraine (PMID: 19332696, 30498473). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change replaces phenylalanine, which is neutral and non-polar, with leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 1499 of the SCN1A protein (p.Phe1499Leu). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 12902). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt SCN1A protein function. -

Severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy Other:1

not provided, no classification provided

literature only

Channelopathy-Associated Epilepsy Research Center

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Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.51	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.50
CADD	Pathogenic	27
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.80
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.74
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.96	D;D;D;D;.;D;.;.;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.83	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.89	D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	A;A;A;A
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.94	D
Polyphen		1.0	.;.;.;.;D;.;.;D;D;.
Vest4		0.91, 0.93, 0.91, 0.90
MutPred		0.38		.;.;.;Gain of relative solvent accessibility (P = 0.0507);.;.;Gain of relative solvent accessibility (P = 0.0507);.;.;.;
MVP		1.0
MPC		1.7
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		4.5
Varity_R		0.53
gMVP		0.97

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.030		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs121918632; hg19: chr2-166852609;