rs1341055535

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points: 2P and 0B. PP3_Moderate

The NM_002691.4(POLD1):c.1561C>T(p.Arg521Trp) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000211 in 1,613,610 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R521Q) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 31)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000023 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

POLD1
NM_002691.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:5

Conservation

PhyloP100: 3.43

Variant links:

Genes affected

POLD1 (HGNC:9175): (DNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit) This gene encodes the 125-kDa catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase delta. DNA polymerase delta possesses both polymerase and 3' to 5' exonuclease activity and plays a critical role in DNA replication and repair. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene, and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

POLD1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.888

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
POLD1	NM_002691.4 linkuse as main transcript	c.1561C>T	p.Arg521Trp	missense_variant	13/27	ENST00000440232.7

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
POLD1	ENST00000440232.7 linkuse as main transcript	c.1561C>T	p.Arg521Trp	missense_variant	13/27	1	NM_002691.4	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152154

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000160

AC:

AN:

250558

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000148

AC XY:

AN XY:

135506

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.000139

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000884

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000226

AC:

AN:

1461456

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000234

AC XY:

AN XY:

727058

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.0000116

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.000132

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.0000225

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152154

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74314

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10

Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Baylor Genetics	Aug 31, 2023	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Jan 26, 2024	This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with tryptophan, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 521 of the POLD1 protein (p.Arg521Trp). This variant is present in population databases (no rsID available, gnomAD 0.01%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with POLD1-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 469205). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt POLD1 protein function with a positive predictive value of 80%. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	curation	Sema4, Sema4	Nov 05, 2021	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Oct 12, 2023	The p.R521W variant (also known as c.1561C>T), located in coding exon 12 of the POLD1 gene, results from a C to T substitution at nucleotide position 1561. The arginine at codon 521 is replaced by tryptophan, an amino acid with dissimilar properties. This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

ARUP Laboratories, Molecular Genetics and Genomics, ARUP Laboratories

Jun 24, 2022

The POLD1 c.1561C>T; p.Arg521Trp variant (rs1341055535), to our knowledge, is not reported in the medical literature but is reported in ClinVar (Variation ID: 469205). This variant is found in the general population with an overall allele frequency of 0.002% (5/281942 alleles) in the Genome Aggregation Database. The arginine at codon 521 is highly conserved, but computational analyses are uncertain whether this variant is neutral or deleterious (REVEL: 0.471). This variant is located in the exonuclease domain (Palles 2013), and gene-disease association has been established for variants within the exonuclease domain (Seifert 2019). A different variant at this codon, p.Arg521Gln, is reported in a family with colorectal cancer, and in a cohort of individuals with lipodystrophy (Dron 2020, Mur 2020). Due to limited information, the clinical significance of the p.Arg521Trp variant is uncertain at this time. References: Dron JS et al. Six years' experience with LipidSeq: clinical and research learnings from a hybrid, targeted sequencing panel for dyslipidemias. BMC Med Genomics. 2020 Feb 10;13(1):23. PMID: 32041611. Mur P et al. Role of POLE and POLD1 in familial cancer. Genet Med. 2020 Dec;22(12):2089-2100. PMID: 32792570. Palles C et al. Germline mutations affecting the proofreading domains of POLE and POLD1 predispose to colorectal adenomas and carcinomas. Nat Genet. 2013 Feb;45(2):136-44. PMID: 23263490. Seifert BA et al. Determining the clinical validity of hereditary colorectal cancer and polyposis susceptibility genes using the Clinical Genome Resource Clinical Validity Framework. Genet Med. 2019 Jul;21(7):1507-1516. PMID: 30523343. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.69

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.24

BayesDel_noAF

Uncertain

0.10

Cadd

Pathogenic

Dann

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.90

D;.;.;D

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.69

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.54

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.90

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.47

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.89

D;D;D;D

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.37

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

4.2

H;.;.;H

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.75

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-7.4

D;.;.;.

REVEL

Uncertain

0.47

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

D;.;.;.

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D;D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;.;.;D

Vest4

0.84

MutPred

0.56

Gain of helix (P = 0.0854);Gain of helix (P = 0.0854);Gain of helix (P = 0.0854);Gain of helix (P = 0.0854);

MVP

0.76

MPC

1.7

ClinPred

1.0

GERP RS

4.0

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.9

Varity_R

0.82

gMVP

0.77

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over