rs1402108044

Positions:

• chr7-5995541-G-A
• chr7-5995541-G-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 3 ACMG points: 3P and 0B. PM2 PP3

The NM_000535.7(PMS2):​c.896C>T​(p.Pro299Leu) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000137 in 1,458,412 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PMS2 NM_000535.7 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:5
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 6.46

Genes affected

PMS2 (HGNC:9122): (PMS1 homolog 2, mismatch repair system component) The protein encoded by this gene is a key component of the mismatch repair system that functions to correct DNA mismatches and small insertions and deletions that can occur during DNA replication and homologous recombination. This protein forms heterodimers with the gene product of the mutL homolog 1 (MLH1) gene to form the MutL-alpha heterodimer. The MutL-alpha heterodimer possesses an endonucleolytic activity that is activated following recognition of mismatches and insertion/deletion loops by the MutS-alpha and MutS-beta heterodimers, and is necessary for removal of the mismatched DNA. There is a DQHA(X)2E(X)4E motif found at the C-terminus of the protein encoded by this gene that forms part of the active site of the nuclease. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC; also known as Lynch syndrome) and Turcot syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2016]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 3 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.75

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PMS2	NM_000535.7	c.896C>T	p.Pro299Leu	missense_variant	8/15	ENST00000265849.12	NP_000526.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PMS2	ENST00000265849.12	c.896C>T	p.Pro299Leu	missense_variant	8/15	1	NM_000535.7	ENSP00000265849	P3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000137 AC: 2 AN: 1458412 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 30 AF XY: 0.00000276 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 725868

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.0000252

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 9.02e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Dec 20, 2018	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Dec 29, 2023	The p.P299L variant (also known as c.896C>T), located in coding exon 8 of the PMS2 gene, results from a C to T substitution at nucleotide position 896. The proline at codon 299 is replaced by leucine, an amino acid with similar properties. This alteration was detected in a study of 1,165 individuals with a history of colorectal cancer or colon polyps as well as 590 controls (Gordon AS et al. Am J Hum Genet, 2019 09;105:526-533). This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

not specified Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine

Apr 21, 2017

The p.Pro299Leu variant in PMS2 has not been previously reported in individuals with Lynch Syndrome and was absent from large population studies. Computational prediction tools and conservation analysis do not provide strong support for or against an impact to the protein. In summary, the clinical significance of the p .Pro299Leu variant is uncertain. -

not provided Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Oct 23, 2019

Not observed in large population cohorts (Lek 2016); In silico analysis, which includes protein predictors and evolutionary conservation, supports a deleterious effect; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Nov 25, 2023

This sequence change replaces proline, which is neutral and non-polar, with leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 299 of the PMS2 protein (p.Pro299Leu). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with PMS2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 480325). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt PMS2 protein function with a negative predictive value of 80%. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.10
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.32	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.23
CADD	Uncertain	24
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.42	T;.;.;.;.
Eigen	Benign	0.013
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.25
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.89	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.90	D;D;.;D;.
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.12	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.75	D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.56	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	-0.12	N;.;.;.;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D;D;D;D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.57	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.0	D;D;.;.;.
REVEL	Uncertain	0.53
Sift	Benign	1.0	T;T;.;.;.
Sift4G	Benign	1.0	T;T;.;.;.
Polyphen		0.55	P;P;.;.;P
Vest4		0.48
MutPred		0.74		Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0791);.;.;.;.;
MVP		0.82
MPC		0.18
ClinPred		0.94	D
GERP RS		5.8
Varity_R		0.34
gMVP		0.60

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.060		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1402108044; hg19: chr7-6035172;