rs141319800

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points: 0P and 1B. BP4

The NM_002691.4(POLD1):c.232C>T(p.Arg78Cys) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000235 in 1,614,164 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R78H) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000033 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000023 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

POLD1
NM_002691.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:4B:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 2.33

Publications

5 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

POLD1 (HGNC:9175): (DNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit) This gene encodes the 125-kDa catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase delta. DNA polymerase delta possesses both polymerase and 3' to 5' exonuclease activity and plays a critical role in DNA replication and repair. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene, and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

POLD1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

POLD1-related polyposis and colorectal cancer syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp
mandibular hypoplasia-deafness-progeroid syndrome
Inheritance: AD, AR Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE, LIMITED Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), PanelApp Australia, Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics, Orphanet, G2P
Polymerase proofreading-related adenomatous polyposis
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
immunodeficiency 120
Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
non-severe combined immunodeficiency due to polymerase delta deficiency
Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

POLD1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.39575315).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
POLD1	NM_002691.4 link	c.232C>T	p.Arg78Cys	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 27	ENST00000440232.7	NP_002682.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
POLD1	ENST00000440232.7 link	c.232C>T	p.Arg78Cys	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 27	1	NM_002691.4	ENSP00000406046.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000328

AC:

AN:

152244

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000965

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000279

AC:

AN:

251342

AF XY:

0.0000147

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.000246

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000176

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000163

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000226

AC:

AN:

1461802

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000206

AC XY:

AN XY:

727212

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000269

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.0000252

AC:

AN:

39698

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0000116

AC:

AN:

86250

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53420

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5766

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000189

AC:

AN:

1111938

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000166

AC:

AN:

60390

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.461

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000328

AC:

AN:

152362

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000537

AC XY:

AN XY:

74508

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000962

AC:

AN:

41590

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15298

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3466

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5188

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4834

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10626

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000147

AC:

AN:

68042

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2112

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.495

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.0000712

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000491

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.000227

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000412

AC:

Asia WGS

AF:

0.000289

AC:

AN:

3478

EpiCase

AF:

0.0000545

EpiControl

AF:

0.000119

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:4Benign:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10

Uncertain:2

Jun 17, 2025

St. Jude Molecular Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The POLD1 c.232C>T p.(Arg78Cys) missense change has a maximum subpopulation frequency of 0.02% in gnomAD v2.1.1 (https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/). The in silico tool REVEL predicts a benign effect on protein function, but to our knowledge this prediction has not been confirmed by functional studies. To our knowledge, this variant has not been reported in individuals with POLD1-related disease. In summary, the evidence currently available is insufficient to determine the clinical significance of this variant. It has therefore been classified as of uncertain significance. -

Jan 29, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with cysteine, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 78 of the POLD1 protein (p.Arg78Cys). This variant is present in population databases (rs141319800, gnomAD 0.02%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with breast cancer (PMID: 31780696). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 239286). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt POLD1 protein function with a negative predictive value of 80%. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Mandibular hypoplasia-deafness-progeroid syndrome

Uncertain:1

Jul 09, 2019

Baylor Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was determined to be of uncertain significance according to ACMG Guidelines, 2015 [PMID:25741868]. -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Jun 18, 2025

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; Observed among individuals with breast cancer and previously negative BRCA1/2 analysis (PMID: 31780696); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 25344691, 29056344, 35620275, 31780696) -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Benign:1

Aug 23, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.12

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.30

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.39

CADD

Uncertain

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.71

D;.;.;.;D;.

Eigen

Uncertain

0.30

Eigen_PC

Benign

0.21

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.94

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.91

.;.;D;D;D;D

M_CAP

Benign

0.076

MetaRNN

Benign

0.40

T;T;T;T;T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-1.1

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.55

N;.;.;.;N;.

PhyloP100

2.3

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.61

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-4.1

D;.;.;.;.;.

REVEL

Benign

0.22

Sift

Uncertain

0.019

D;.;.;.;.;.

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.031

D;D;D;D;D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;.;.;.;D;.

Vest4

0.63

MVP

0.64

MPC

0.77

ClinPred

0.72

GERP RS

3.9

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.31

gMVP

0.48

Mutation Taster

=71/29

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.010

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over