rs142516271

Variant names:

• chr12-102894798-T-A
• rs142516271
• NM_000277.3:c.289A>T

Your query was ambiguous. Multiple possible variants found:

• chr12-102894798-T-A
• chr12-102894798-T-C
• chr12-102894798-T-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 4 ACMG points: 5P and 1B. PM1 PM2 PP2 BP4

The NM_000277.3(PAH):​c.289A>T​(p.Ile97Phe) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,826 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. I97L) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PAH NM_000277.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.24
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

PAH (HGNC:8582): (phenylalanine hydroxylase) This gene encodes a member of the biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase protein family. The encoded phenylalanine hydroxylase enzyme hydroxylates phenylalanine to tyrosine and is the rate-limiting step in phenylalanine catabolism. Deficiency of this enzyme activity results in the autosomal recessive disorder phenylketonuria. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

PAH Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• phenylketonuria

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P, ClinGen, Myriad Women’s Health
• classic phenylketonuria

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• maternal phenylketonuria

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• mild hyperphenylalaninemia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• mild phenylketonuria

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• tetrahydrobiopterin-responsive hyperphenylalaninemia/phenylketonuria

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

LOC124902999 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 4 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 12 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 8 uncertain in NM_000277.3
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 440 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 8 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: -0.64755 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: -0.0084567 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to phenylketonuria, tetrahydrobiopterin-responsive hyperphenylalaninemia/phenylketonuria, maternal phenylketonuria, classic phenylketonuria, mild phenylketonuria, mild hyperphenylalaninemia.
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.3038612).

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000277.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	PAH	NM_000277.3	MANE Select	c.289A>T	p.Ile97Phe	missense	Exon 3 of 13	NP_000268.1
	PAH	NM_001354304.2		c.289A>T	p.Ile97Phe	missense	Exon 4 of 14	NP_001341233.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	PAH	ENST00000553106.6	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.289A>T	p.Ile97Phe	missense	Exon 3 of 13	ENSP00000448059.1
	PAH	ENST00000549111.5	TSL:1	n.385A>T		non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 3 of 6
	PAH	ENST00000307000.7	TSL:5	c.274A>T	p.Ile92Phe	missense	Exon 4 of 14	ENSP00000303500.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461826 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 727218

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33480

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26130

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39692

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86256

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53418

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 8.99e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1111966

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60392

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.11
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.24	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.10
CADD	Benign	23
DANN	Benign	0.97
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.74	D
Eigen	Benign	-0.16
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.064
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.82	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.88	D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.14	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.30	T
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.31	D
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.6	L
PhyloP100		1.2
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.50	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-0.49	N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.53
Sift	Benign	0.078	T
Sift4G	Benign	0.067	T
Polyphen		0.050	B
Vest4		0.59
MutPred		0.47		Gain of methylation at K96 (P = 0.0392)
MVP		0.92
MPC		0.053
ClinPred		0.44	T
GERP RS		6.2
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.28
gMVP		0.62
Mutation Taster		=60/40	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs142516271; hg19: chr12-103288576;