rs144978163

Variant names:

• chr7-103682174-G-A
• rs144978163
• NM_005045.4:c.1231C>T

Your query was ambiguous. Multiple possible variants found:

• chr7-103682174-G-A
• chr7-103682174-G-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points: 2P and 0B. PM2

The NM_005045.4(RELN):​c.1231C>T​(p.Leu411Phe) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,688 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. L411I) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: RELN NM_005045.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 6.68
• Publications: 9 publications found

Genes affected

RELN (HGNC:9957): (reelin) This gene encodes a large secreted extracellular matrix protein thought to control cell-cell interactions critical for cell positioning and neuronal migration during brain development. This protein may be involved in schizophrenia, autism, bipolar disorder, major depression and in migration defects associated with temporal lobe epilepsy. Mutations of this gene are associated with autosomal recessive lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia. Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. Other transcript variants have been described but their full length nature has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

RELN Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• Norman-Roberts syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Illumina, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics, Orphanet, G2P, PanelApp Australia
• familial temporal lobe epilepsy 7

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• autosomal dominant epilepsy with auditory features

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• ankylosing spondylitis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• complex neurodevelopmental disorder

  Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
RELN	NM_005045.4	c.1231C>T	p.Leu411Phe	missense_variant	Exon 11 of 65	ENST00000428762.6	NP_005036.2
RELN	NM_173054.3	c.1231C>T	p.Leu411Phe	missense_variant	Exon 11 of 64		NP_774959.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
RELN	ENST00000428762.6	c.1231C>T	p.Leu411Phe	missense_variant	Exon 11 of 65	5	NM_005045.4	ENSP00000392423.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461688 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 727162

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Exomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33470

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44722

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26130

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39678

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86254

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53420

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5764

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 8.99e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1111866

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60384

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD4 Exomes is highly skewed from 0.5 (p-value = 0.000000), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Norman-Roberts syndrome;C4225327:Familial temporal lobe epilepsy 7 Uncertain:1

Apr 09, 2020

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces leucine with phenylalanine at codon 411 of the RELN protein (p.Leu411Phe). The leucine residue is highly conserved and there is a small physicochemical difference between leucine and phenylalanine. This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals with RELN-related conditions. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function are either unavailable or do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change (SIFT: "Deleterious"; PolyPhen-2: "Probably Damaging"; Align-GVGD: "Class C0"). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.49
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.054	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.16
CADD	Uncertain	26
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.089	T;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.38
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.43
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.97	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.87	D;D;D
M_CAP	Benign	0.042	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.71	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.85	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.0	L;L;.
PhyloP100		6.7
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.68	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-1.8	N;N;N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.40
Sift	Uncertain	0.0080	D;D;D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0	D;D;D
Polyphen		0.99	D;D;.
Vest4		0.83
MutPred		0.34		Gain of glycosylation at S412 (P = 0.0674);Gain of glycosylation at S412 (P = 0.0674);Gain of glycosylation at S412 (P = 0.0674);
MVP		0.40
MPC		0.72
ClinPred		0.90	D
GERP RS		4.8
Varity_R		0.33
gMVP		0.77
Mutation Taster		=65/35	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs144978163; hg19: chr7-103322621; COSMIC: COSV58989985;