rs1450238352

Positions:

• chr3-14158778-CTT-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_004628.5(XPC):​c.1103_1104delAA​(p.Gln368fs) variant causes a frameshift change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000558 in 1,613,818 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.000020 (0 hom., cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000041 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: XPC NM_004628.5 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:7
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.169

Genes affected

XPC (HGNC:12816): (XPC complex subunit, DNA damage recognition and repair factor) The protein encoded by this gene is a key component of the XPC complex, which plays an important role in the early steps of global genome nucleotide excision repair (NER). The encoded protein is important for damage sensing and DNA binding, and shows a preference for single-stranded DNA. Mutations in this gene or some other NER components can result in Xeroderma pigmentosum, a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by increased sensitivity to sunlight with the development of carcinomas at an early age. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

XPC (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 3-14158778-CTT-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr3-14158778-CTT-C is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 267279.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
XPC	NM_004628.5	c.1103_1104delAA	p.Gln368fs	frameshift_variant	9/16	ENST00000285021.12	NP_004619.3

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
XPC	ENST00000285021.12	c.1103_1104delAA	p.Gln368fs	frameshift_variant	9/16	1	NM_004628.5	ENSP00000285021.8

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.0000197 AC: 3 AN: 152116 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.0000441

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000410 AC: 6 AN: 1461702 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000413 AC XY: 3 AN XY: 727134

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.0000224

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000450

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.0000197 AC: 3 AN: 152116 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.0000135 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 74318

Gnomad4 AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE AF: 0.0000441

Gnomad4 OTH AF: 0.00

Alfa AF: 0.0000712 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.00000756

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:7

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Xeroderma pigmentosum, group C Pathogenic:5

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Baylor Genetics	Nov 15, 2023	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	research	Medical Molecular Genetics Department, National Research Center	Dec 01, 2015	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	Jan 05, 2018	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics	Jul 02, 2021	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Neuberg Centre For Genomic Medicine, NCGM	May 20, 2023	The observed frameshift c.1103_1104del (p.Gln368ArgfsTer6) variant in XPC gene has been previously reported in both homozygous and compound heterozygous states in individuals affected with xeroderma pigmentosum (Chavanne et al., 2000; Khan et al., 2006). Experimental evidence suggests this variant to affect XPC function (Khan et al., 2006). The p.Gln368ArgfsTer6 variant is absent in gnomAD Exomes. This variant has been submitted to the ClinVar database as Pathogenic. This variant causes a frameshift starting with codon Glutamine 368, changes this amino acid to Arginine residue, and creates a premature Stop codon at position 6 of the new reading frame, denoted p.Gln368ArgfsTer6. This variant is predicted to cause loss of normal protein function through protein truncation. Loss of function variants have been previously reported to be disease causing. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Xeroderma pigmentosum Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Jan 24, 2019

Variant summary: XPC c.1103_1104delAA (p.Gln368ArgfsX6) results in a premature termination codon, predicted to cause a truncation of the encoded protein or absence of the protein due to nonsense mediated decay, which are commonly known mechanisms for disease. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 6.5e-05 in 30946 control chromosomes (gnomAD). c.1103_1104delAA has been reported in the literature in multiple compound heterozygous and homozygous individuals affected with Xeroderma Pigmentosum (Chavanne 2000, Khan 2006, Schubert 2016). These data indicate that the variant is very likely to be associated with disease. These publications also reported experimental evidence evaluating an impact on protein function, demonstrating strongly decreased mRNA levels, absence of the protein and deficient repair synthesis and/or cell survival after UV-irradiation. The most pronounced variant effect results in <10% of normal activity. A ClinVar submission from a clinical diagnostic laboratory (evaluation after 2014) cites the variant as pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. -

not provided Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Mar 19, 2023

For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 267279). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with xeroderma pigmentosum (PMID: 10766188). This variant is present in population databases (no rsID available, gnomAD 0.01%). This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Gln368Argfs*6) in the XPC gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in XPC are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 23173980, 25256075). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1450238352; hg19: chr3-14200278;