rs145766983

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1PM2PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_014363.6(SACS):c.7273C>T(p.Arg2425Ter) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000118 in 1,613,212 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. R2425R) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000013 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000012 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

SACS
NM_014363.6 stop_gained

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:6

Conservation

PhyloP100: 1.99

Variant links:

Genes affected

SACS (HGNC:10519): (sacsin molecular chaperone) This gene encodes the sacsin protein, which includes a UbL domain at the N-terminus, a DnaJ domain, and a HEPN domain at the C-terminus. The gene is highly expressed in the central nervous system, also found in skin, skeletal muscles and at low levels in the pancreas. This gene includes a very large exon spanning more than 12.8 kb. Mutations in this gene result in autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by early-onset cerebellar ataxia with spasticity and peripheral neuropathy. The authors of a publication on the effects of siRNA-mediated sacsin knockdown concluded that sacsin protects against mutant ataxin-1 and suggest that "the large multi-domain sacsin protein is able to recruit Hsp70 chaperone action and has the potential to regulate the effects of other ataxia proteins" (Parfitt et al., PubMed: 19208651). A pseudogene associated with this gene is located on chromosome 11. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2013]

SACS links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

PVS1

Loss of function variant, product does not undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. Variant is located in the 3'-most exon, not predicted to undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. There are 249 pathogenic variants in the truncated region.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP5

Variant 13-23336603-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr13-23336603-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 370415.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
SACS	NM_014363.6 linkuse as main transcript	c.7273C>T	p.Arg2425Ter	stop_gained	10/10	ENST00000382292.9

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
SACS	ENST00000382292.9 linkuse as main transcript	c.7273C>T	p.Arg2425Ter	stop_gained	10/10	5	NM_014363.6	P1	Q9NZJ4-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000132

AC:

AN:

151886

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000242

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000120

AC:

AN:

249774

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000148

AC XY:

AN XY:

135248

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.0000631

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.0000545

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000886

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000116

AC:

AN:

1461326

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000151

AC XY:

AN XY:

726928

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.0000598

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.0000135

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000132

AC:

AN:

151886

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74144

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.0000242

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.0000490

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.00000756

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000116

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000330

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:6

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Charlevoix-Saguenay spastic ataxia

Pathogenic:4

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Baylor Genetics	Aug 20, 2022	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Genome-Nilou Lab	Sep 05, 2021	- -
Likely pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Counsyl	Feb 04, 2016	- -
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp	Nov 16, 2022	Variant summary: SACS c.7273C>T (p.Arg2425X) results in a premature termination codon, which are commonly known mechanisms for disease. While the variant is not predicted to lead to nonsense-mediated decay, it does disrupt the last 2155 amino acids of the protein. Truncations downstream of this position have been classified as pathogenic by our laboratory. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 1.2e-05 in 249774 control chromosomes. To our knowledge, no occurrence of c.7273C>T in individuals affected with Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia Of Charlevoix-Saguenay and no experimental evidence demonstrating its impact on protein function have been reported. Four clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation. All laboratories classified the variant as pathogenic/likely pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely pathogenic. -

Spastic paraplegia

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Dec 01, 2023

This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Arg2425*) in the SACS gene. While this is not anticipated to result in nonsense mediated decay, it is expected to disrupt the last 2155 amino acid(s) of the SACS protein. This variant is present in population databases (rs145766983, gnomAD 0.007%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with SACS-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 370415). This variant disrupts a region of the SACS protein in which other variant(s) (p.Ile2949Phefs*4) have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 23250129). This suggests that this is a clinically significant region of the protein, and that variants that disrupt it are likely to be disease-causing. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

not provided

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Oct 01, 2018

The R2425X variant in the SACS gene has not been reported previously as a pathogenic variant nor as a benign variant, to our knowledge. This variant is predicted to cause loss of normal protein function through protein truncation. The R2425X variant is not observed at a significant frequency in large population cohorts (Lek et al., 2016). We interpret R2425X as a pathogenic variant. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.50

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.49

Cadd

Pathogenic

Dann

Uncertain

0.99

Eigen

Uncertain

0.41

Eigen_PC

Benign

0.20

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.82

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

D;D;D

Vest4

0.95

GERP RS

2.5

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.6

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over