rs149718203

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1PM2PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_078470.6(COX15):c.452C>G(p.Ser151Ter) variant causes a stop gained change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00033 in 1,614,074 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00028 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00034 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

COX15
NM_078470.6 stop_gained

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:5

Conservation

PhyloP100: 5.77

Variant links:

Genes affected

COX15 (HGNC:2263): (cytochrome c oxidase assembly homolog COX15) Cytochrome c oxidase (COX), the terminal component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, catalyzes the electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to oxygen. This component is a heteromeric complex consisting of 3 catalytic subunits encoded by mitochondrial genes and multiple structural subunits encoded by nuclear genes. The mitochondrially-encoded subunits function in electron transfer, and the nuclear-encoded subunits may function in the regulation and assembly of the complex. This nuclear gene encodes a protein which is not a structural subunit, but may be essential for the biogenesis of COX formation and may function in the hydroxylation of heme O, according to the yeast mutant studies. This protein is predicted to contain 5 transmembrane domains localized in the mitochondrial inner membrane. Alternative splicing of this gene generates two transcript variants diverging in the 3' region. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

COX15 links:

CUTC (HGNC:24271): (cutC copper transporter) Members of the CUT family of copper transporters are associated with copper homeostasis and are involved in the uptake, storage, delivery, and efflux of copper (Gupta et al., 1995 [PubMed 7635807]; Li et al., 2005 [PubMed 16182249]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

CUTC links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

PVS1

Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP5

Variant 10-99727098-G-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr10-99727098-G-C is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 496238.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr10-99727098-G-C is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
COX15	NM_078470.6 linkuse as main transcript	c.452C>G	p.Ser151Ter	stop_gained	4/9	ENST00000016171.6

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
COX15	ENST00000016171.6 linkuse as main transcript	c.452C>G	p.Ser151Ter	stop_gained	4/9	1	NM_078470.6	P1	Q7KZN9-1
COX15	ENST00000370483.9 linkuse as main transcript	c.452C>G	p.Ser151Ter	stop_gained	4/9	1			Q7KZN9-2
CUTC	ENST00000493385.5 linkuse as main transcript	n.309+3988G>C		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant		3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000283

AC:

AN:

152196

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000169

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000655

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.0000942

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000500

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.000251

AC:

AN:

251470

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.000272

AC XY:

AN XY:

135912

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.0000615

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.000545

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.000335

AC:

490

AN:

1461878

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000336

AC XY:

244

AN XY:

727238

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.0000896

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.000426

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.000215

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000283

AC:

AN:

152196

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000309

AC XY:

AN XY:

74348

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.000169

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.0000655

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.0000942

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.000500

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.000356

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000215

TwinsUK

AF:

0.000539

AC:

ALSPAC

AF:

0.00104

AC:

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.000227

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000233

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.000222

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.000763

EpiControl

AF:

0.000356

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Jan 31, 2024	This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Ser151*) in the COX15 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in COX15 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 15863660, 21412973). This variant is present in population databases (rs149718203, gnomAD 0.05%). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with mitochondrial complex IV deficiency (PMID: 15863660, 21412973, 33746038). This variant is also known as 503C>G (H152X). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 496238). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Sep 12, 2023	Identified in a patient with slowly progressive Leigh syndrome with no cardiac involvement and only mild COX deficiency in muscle; this patient also harbored a likely pathogenic variant in the COX15 gene but the phase of the two variants was not reported (Bugiani et al., 2005); Nonsense variant predicted to result in protein truncation or nonsense mediated decay in a gene for which loss-of-function is a known mechanism of disease; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 21412973, 22310368, 33746038, 33171185, 15863660, 32232962, 31345219) -

See cases

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Laboratorio de Genetica e Diagnostico Molecular, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein

Dec 07, 2020

ACMG classification criteria: PVS1, PS4, PM2, PM3 -

Leigh syndrome

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Jan 09, 2022

Variant summary: COX15 c.452C>G (p.Ser151X) results in a premature termination codon, predicted to cause a truncation of the encoded protein or absence of the protein due to nonsense mediated decay, which are commonly known mechanisms for disease. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00025 in 251510 control chromosomes. This frequency is not significantly higher than expected for a pathogenic variant in COX15 causing Leigh Syndrome (0.00025 vs 0.0013), allowing no conclusion about variant significance. c.452C>G has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with Leigh Syndrome and subsequently cited by others (example, Bugiani_2005, Invernizzi_2012, Alfadhel_2011, Halperin_2020, Miryounesi_2016, de Oliveira_2021). At least one publication reports experimental evidence evaluating an impact on protein function. The most pronounced variant effect results in 10%-<30% of normal complex IV activity in patient derived muscle and fibroblast samples (Bugiani 2005, Alfadhel 2011). One clinical diagnostic laboratory has submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation and classified the variant as pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. -

Cardioencephalomyopathy, fatal infantile, due to cytochrome c oxidase deficiency 2

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

literature only

OMIM

Apr 01, 2011

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.30

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.63

Cadd

Pathogenic

Dann

Uncertain

1.0

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.90

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.77

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.96

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

A;A

Vest4

0.80

GERP RS

4.4

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.070

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over