rs150478207

Positions:

• chr3-37012048-A-C
• chr3-37012048-A-G
• chr3-37012048-A-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points: 2P and 2B. PM2 BP4_Moderate

The NM_001167618.3(MLH1):​c.-98A>C variant causes a 5 prime UTR premature start codon gain change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: MLH1 NM_001167618.3 5_prime_UTR_premature_start_codon_gain
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:5
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.16

Genes affected

MLH1 (HGNC:7127): (mutL homolog 1) The protein encoded by this gene can heterodimerize with mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2 to form MutL alpha, part of the DNA mismatch repair system. When MutL alpha is bound by MutS beta and some accessory proteins, the PMS2 subunit of MutL alpha introduces a single-strand break near DNA mismatches, providing an entry point for exonuclease degradation. The encoded protein is also involved in DNA damage signaling and can heterodimerize with DNA mismatch repair protein MLH3 to form MutL gamma, which is involved in meiosis. This gene was identified as a locus frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

MLH1 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.1463154).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MLH1	NM_000249.4	c.626A>C	p.Asn209Thr	missense_variant	8/19	ENST00000231790.8	NP_000240.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MLH1	ENST00000231790.8	c.626A>C	p.Asn209Thr	missense_variant	8/19	1	NM_000249.4	ENSP00000231790.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251242 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 135760

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00000881

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 30

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Bravo AF: 0.00000756

ExAC AF: 0.00000824 AC: 1

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	May 30, 2024	The p.N209T variant (also known as c.626A>C), located in coding exon 8 of the MLH1 gene, results from an A to C substitution at nucleotide position 626. The asparagine at codon 209 is replaced by threonine, an amino acid with similar properties. This alteration has been identified 1/302 individuals with pancreatic cancer. (Chaffee KG et al. Genet Med, 2018 01;20:119-127). This amino acid position is not well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	curation	Sema4, Sema4	Dec 21, 2021	- -

not specified Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Apr 07, 2017

- -

Lynch syndrome Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health

Sep 17, 2023

This missense variant replaces asparagine with threonine at codon 209 of the MLH1 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with hereditary cancer in the literature. This variant has been identified in 1/251242 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Jun 27, 2023

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt MLH1 protein function. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 219679). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with pancreatic cancer (PMID: 28726808). This variant is present in population databases (rs150478207, gnomAD 0.0009%). This sequence change replaces asparagine, which is neutral and polar, with threonine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 209 of the MLH1 protein (p.Asn209Thr). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.064
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.11	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	-0.080
CADD	Benign	2.0
DANN	Benign	0.90
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.46	T;.
Eigen	Benign	-1.2
Eigen_PC	Benign	-1.2
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.30	N
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.88	D;D
M_CAP	Benign	0.067	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.15	T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.79	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.55	N;.
PrimateAI	Benign	0.28	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-2.0	N;N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.50
Sift	Benign	0.13	T;T
Sift4G	Benign	0.36	T;T
Polyphen		0.0010	B;.
Vest4		0.39
MutPred		0.29		Loss of sheet (P = 0.0457);.;
MVP		0.98
MPC		0.070
ClinPred		0.040	T
GERP RS		-5.8
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.12
gMVP		0.61

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs150478207; hg19: chr3-37053539;