rs1553904378

Positions:

• chr4-56931373-G-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PVS1_Strong PM2 PP5_Moderate

The NM_005612.5(REST):​c.2515G>T​(p.Glu839Ter) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: REST NM_005612.5 stop_gained
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.25

Genes affected

REST (HGNC:9966): (RE1 silencing transcription factor) This gene was initially identified as a transcriptional repressor that represses neuronal genes in non-neuronal tissues. However, depending on the cellular context, this gene can act as either an oncogene or a tumor suppressor. The encoded protein is a member of the Kruppel-type zinc finger transcription factor family. It represses transcription by binding a DNA sequence element called the neuron-restrictive silencer element. The protein is also found in undifferentiated neuronal progenitor cells and it is thought that this repressor may act as a master negative regulator of neurogenesis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, May 2018]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product does not undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. Variant is located in the 3'-most exon, not predicted to undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. There are 5 pathogenic variants in the truncated region.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 4-56931373-G-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr4-56931373-G-T is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 521809.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
REST	NM_005612.5	c.2515G>T	p.Glu839Ter	stop_gained	4/4	ENST00000309042.12

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
REST	ENST00000309042.12	c.2515G>T	p.Glu839Ter	stop_gained	4/4	1	NM_005612.5	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 36

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Inborn genetic diseases Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Apr 24, 2024

The c.2515G>T (p.E839*) alteration, located in exon 4 (coding exon 3) of the REST gene, consists of a G to T substitution at nucleotide position 2515. This changes the amino acid from a glutamic acid (E) to a stop codon at amino acid position 839. This alteration occurs at the 3' terminus of the REST gene, is not expected to trigger nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, and impacts the last 23.6% of the protein. Loss of function of REST has not been established as a mechanism of disease; however, premature stop codons have been reported as disease-causing for REST-related gingival fibromatosis. This variant was not reported in population-based cohorts in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Based on the available evidence, this alteration is classified as likely pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.49	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.46
CADD	Pathogenic	40
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.82
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.58
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.91	D
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D
Vest4		0.71
GERP RS		4.5

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1553904378; hg19: chr4-57797539; COSMIC: COSV58361386; COSMIC: COSV58361386;