rs1554160638

chr6-49457774-C-Achr6-49457774-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000255.4(MMUT):c.670G>T(p.Glu224Ter) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000685 in 1,460,244 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: MMUT NM_000255.4 stop_gained
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:6
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.46

Genes affected

MMUT (HGNC:7526): (methylmalonyl-CoA mutase) This gene encodes the mitochondrial enzyme methylmalonyl Coenzyme A mutase. In humans, the product of this gene is a vitamin B12-dependent enzyme which catalyzes the isomerization of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA, while in other species this enzyme may have different functions. Mutations in this gene may lead to various types of methylmalonic aciduria. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 6-49457774-C-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr6-49457774-C-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 552718.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
MMUT	NM_000255.4	c.670G>T	p.Glu224Ter	stop_gained	3/13	ENST00000274813.4
MMUT	XM_005249143.4	c.670G>T	p.Glu224Ter	stop_gained	3/13

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
MMUT	ENST00000274813.4	c.670G>T	p.Glu224Ter	stop_gained	3/13	1	NM_000255.4	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.85e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1460244 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 29 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 726478

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.0000116

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

EpiCase AF: 0.0000545

EpiControl AF: 0.00

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:6

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Sep 03, 2022	For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may create or strengthen a splice site. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 552718). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with methylmalonic aciduria (PMID: 16281286). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Glu224*) in the MUT gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in MUT are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 15781192). -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Feb 01, 2019	The E224X variant has been reported previously in an individual with mut0 MMA who also had a second nonsense variant identified in the MUT gene (Worgan et al., 2006). The E224X variant is not observed in large population cohorts (Lek et al., 2016). This E224X variant is predicted to cause loss of normal protein function either through protein truncation or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. In summary, we interpret E224X as pathogenic. -

Methylmalonic aciduria due to methylmalonyl-CoA mutase deficiency Pathogenic:2

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	Jul 05, 2017	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics	Dec 22, 2021	- -

Methylmalonic aciduria due to complete methylmalonyl-CoA mutase deficiency Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

clinical testing

Natera, Inc.

Mar 10, 2021

- -

Methylmalonic acidemia Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Nov 18, 2021

Variant summary: MUT c.670G>T (p.Glu224X) results in a premature termination codon, predicted to cause a truncation of the encoded protein or absence of the protein due to nonsense mediated decay, which are commonly known mechanisms for disease. Truncations downstream of this position have been classified as pathogenic by our laboratory. The variant was absent in 250444 control chromosomes. c.670G>T has been reported in the literature as a compound heterozygous genotype with another loss of function variant in at-least one individual affected with Methylmalonic Acidemia and this individual has been subsequently cited and comprehensively analyzed in numerous subsequent studies (example, Worgan_2006, O'Shea_2012, Manoli_2016, Harrington_2016, Hauser_2011). To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Three clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation. All laboratories classified the variant as likely pathogenic/pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.63	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.66
Cadd	Pathogenic	40
Dann	Uncertain	1.0
Eigen	Pathogenic	1.2
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	1.0
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	A
Vest4		0.87
GERP RS		5.7

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.20		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_DG_spliceai		0.20		Position offset: 2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1554160638; hg19: chr6-49425487; COSMIC: COSV99222117;