rs1555577797

Positions:

• chr17-65537562-C-G
• chr17-65537562-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -4 ACMG points: 2P and 6B. PM2 BP4_Moderate BS2

The NM_004655.4(AXIN2):​c.1474G>C​(p.Ala492Pro) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000343 in 1,459,248 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 13/19 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. A492T) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000034 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: AXIN2 NM_004655.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.374

Genes affected

AXIN2 (HGNC:904): (axin 2) The Axin-related protein, Axin2, presumably plays an important role in the regulation of the stability of beta-catenin in the Wnt signaling pathway, like its rodent homologs, mouse conductin/rat axil. In mouse, conductin organizes a multiprotein complex of APC (adenomatous polyposis of the colon), beta-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta, and conductin, which leads to the degradation of beta-catenin. Apparently, the deregulation of beta-catenin is an important event in the genesis of a number of malignancies. The AXIN2 gene has been mapped to 17q23-q24, a region that shows frequent loss of heterozygosity in breast cancer, neuroblastoma, and other tumors. Mutations in this gene have been associated with colorectal cancer with defective mismatch repair. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -4 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.11728215).
• BS2: High AC in GnomAdExome4 at 5 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
AXIN2	NM_004655.4	c.1474G>C	p.Ala492Pro	missense_variant	6/11	ENST00000307078.10

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
AXIN2	ENST00000307078.10	c.1474G>C	p.Ala492Pro	missense_variant	6/11	1	NM_004655.4	P1
AXIN2	ENST00000375702.5	c.1474G>C	p.Ala492Pro	missense_variant	5/9	1
AXIN2	ENST00000618960.4	c.1474G>C	p.Ala492Pro	missense_variant	6/10	5

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000343 AC: 5 AN: 1459248 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 36 AF XY: 0.00000413 AC XY: 3 AN XY: 725810

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.0000504

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000180

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.0000166

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Oligodontia-cancer predisposition syndrome Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Feb 18, 2023

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. This sequence change replaces alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, with proline, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 492 of the AXIN2 protein (p.Ala492Pro). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with AXIN2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 533236). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function output the following: SIFT: "Not Available"; PolyPhen-2: "Benign"; Align-GVGD: "Not Available". The proline amino acid residue is found in multiple mammalian species, which suggests that this missense change does not adversely affect protein function. -

not provided Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Oct 25, 2019

Not observed in large population cohorts (Lek 2016); In silico analysis, which includes protein predictors and evolutionary conservation, supports that this variant does not alter protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Nov 02, 2022

The p.A492P variant (also known as c.1474G>C), located in coding exon 5 of the AXIN2 gene, results from a G to C substitution at nucleotide position 1474. The alanine at codon 492 is replaced by proline, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This amino acid position is conserved. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.077
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.020	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.27
CADD	Benign	2.5
DANN	Benign	0.54
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.23	.;T;T
Eigen	Benign	-1.1
Eigen_PC	Benign	-1.1
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.38	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.58	.;T;.
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.17	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.12	T;T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.99	T
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	N;N
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.49	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-0.13	N;.;N
REVEL	Benign	0.14
Sift	Benign	0.34	T;.;T
Sift4G	Benign	0.41	T;T;T
Polyphen		0.12	.;B;B
Vest4		0.23
MutPred		0.24		Gain of glycosylation at A492 (P = 0.0303);Gain of glycosylation at A492 (P = 0.0303);Gain of glycosylation at A492 (P = 0.0303);
MVP		0.24
MPC		0.24
ClinPred		0.62	D
GERP RS		0.63
gMVP		0.29

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1555577797; hg19: chr17-63533680; COSMIC: COSV61058278; COSMIC: COSV61058278;