rs1555938796

Positions:

• chr22-30938098-T-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 13 ACMG points: 13P and 0B. PM2 PP2 PP3_Moderate PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_001303256.3(MORC2):​c.1181A>G​(p.Tyr394Cys) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: MORC2 NM_001303256.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:6
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.65

Genes affected

MORC2 (HGNC:23573): (MORC family CW-type zinc finger 2) This gene encodes a member of the Microrchidia (MORC) protein superfamily. The encoded protein is known to regulate the condensation of heterochromatin in response to DNA damage and play a role in repressing transcription. The protein has been found to regulate the activity of ATP citrate lyase via specific interaction with this enzyme in the cytosol of lipogenic breast cancer cells. The protein also plays a role in lipogenesis and adipocyte differentiation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2016]

MORC2 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 13 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in gene, where missense usually causes diseases (based on misZ statistic), MORC2. . Gene score misZ 3.2251 (greater than the threshold 3.09). Trascript score misZ 4.4393 (greater than threshold 3.09). GenCC has associacion of gene with Leigh syndrome, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2Z, developmental delay, impaired growth, dysmorphic facies, and axonal neuropathy.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.899
• PP5: Variant 22-30938098-T-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr22-30938098-T-C is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 432089.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-30938098-T-C is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MORC2	NM_001303256.3	c.1181A>G	p.Tyr394Cys	missense_variant	13/26	ENST00000397641.8	NP_001290185.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MORC2	ENST00000397641.8	c.1181A>G	p.Tyr394Cys	missense_variant	13/26	5	NM_001303256.3	ENSP00000380763.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 34

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:6

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease axonal type 2Z Pathogenic:3

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Institute of Immunology and Genetics Kaiserslautern	Sep 12, 2022	ACMG Criteria: PS2, PM2, PP3, PP5; Variant was found in heterozygous state. De novo-status was confirmed via in-house segregation analysis. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Institute of Human Genetics Munich, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, TU München	Apr 18, 2018	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Dec 18, 2023	This sequence change replaces tyrosine, which is neutral and polar, with cysteine, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 394 of the MORC2 protein (p.Tyr394Cys). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with clinical features of MORC2-related conditions (PMID: 28771897, 32693025). In at least one individual the variant was observed to be de novo. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 432089). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt MORC2 protein function with a positive predictive value of 95%. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Inborn genetic diseases Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Oct 15, 2024

The c.995A>G (p.Y332C) alteration is located in exon 14 (coding exon 10) of the MORC2 gene. This alteration results from a A to G substitution at nucleotide position 995, causing the tyrosine (Y) at amino acid position 332 to be replaced by a cysteine (C). This variant was not reported in population-based cohorts in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). This variant has been determined to be the result of a de novo mutation or observed heterozygous in multiple individuals with features consistent with MORC2-related neurological disorder (Brunet, 2021; Guillen Sacoto, 2020; Frongia, 2021; Ando, 2017; Sivera, 2021). This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. This alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Based on the available evidence, this alteration is classified as pathogenic. -

not provided Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Sep 17, 2021

In silico analysis, which includes protein predictors and evolutionary conservation, supports a deleterious effect; Not observed in large population cohorts (Lek et al., 2016); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 34189813, 28771897, 32693025, 33098801) -

MORC2-related disorder Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

clinical testing

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Feb 17, 2024

The MORC2 c.1181A>G variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Tyr394Cys. This variant was reported in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders or suspected Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease; in several, this variant arose de novo (see, for example, Guillen Sacoto et al. 2020. PubMed ID: 32693025; Zech et al. 2020. PubMed ID: 33098801, supplementary data, reported as p.Tyr332Cys; Sivera et al. 2021. PubMed ID: 34189813; Frongia et al. 2021. PubMed ID: 34630290). This variant has not been reported in a large population database (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org), indicating this variant is rare. This variant is interpreted as pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.90
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.27	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.15
CADD	Uncertain	25
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.54	D;.
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.83
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.80
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.94	D;D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.17	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.90	D;D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.74	T
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	2.9	M;.
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.90	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-7.3	D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.81
Sift	Uncertain	0.0010	D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0070	D;D
Polyphen		1.0	D;.
Vest4		0.92
MutPred		0.73		Loss of phosphorylation at Y394 (P = 0.1271);.;
MVP		0.75
MPC		2.2
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.6
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.88
gMVP		0.95

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.17		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1555938796; hg19: chr22-31334085;