rs1556619338

Positions:

• chrX-124346758-G-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP3_Moderate

The NM_002351.5(SH2D1A):​c.116G>T​(p.Gly39Val) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 22)
• Consequence: SH2D1A NM_002351.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.35

Genes affected

SH2D1A (HGNC:10820): (SH2 domain containing 1A) This gene encodes a protein that plays a major role in the bidirectional stimulation of T and B cells. This protein contains an SH2 domain and a short tail. It associates with the signaling lymphocyte-activation molecule, thereby acting as an inhibitor of this transmembrane protein by blocking the recruitment of the SH2-domain-containing signal-transduction molecule SHP-2 to its docking site. This protein can also bind to other related surface molecules that are expressed on activated T, B and NK cells, thereby modifying signal transduction pathways in these cells. Mutations in this gene cause lymphoproliferative syndrome X-linked type 1 or Duncan disease, a rare immunodeficiency characterized by extreme susceptibility to infection with Epstein-Barr virus, with symptoms including severe mononucleosis and malignant lymphoma. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

STAG2 (HGNC:11355): (STAG2 cohesin complex component) The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the cohesin complex, which regulates the separation of sister chromatids during cell division. Targeted inactivation of this gene results in chromatid cohesion defects and aneuploidy, suggesting that genetic disruption of cohesin is a cause of aneuploidy in human cancer. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 6 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a chain SH2 domain-containing protein 1A (size 127) in uniprot entity SH21A_HUMAN there are 14 pathogenic changes around while only 0 benign (100%) in NM_002351.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: BayesDel_addAF computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.348

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
SH2D1A	NM_002351.5	c.116G>T	p.Gly39Val	missense_variant	1/4	ENST00000371139.9	NP_002342.1
SH2D1A	NM_001114937.3	c.116G>T	p.Gly39Val	missense_variant	1/4		NP_001108409.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
SH2D1A	ENST00000371139.9	c.116G>T	p.Gly39Val	missense_variant	1/4	1	NM_002351.5	ENSP00000360181	P3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 22

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 30

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 22

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

X-linked lymphoproliferative disease due to SH2D1A deficiency Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Jun 09, 2023

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 536456). This missense change has been observed in individuals with clinical features of X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (PMID: 10898506; Invitae). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change replaces glycine, which is neutral and non-polar, with valine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 39 of the SH2D1A protein (p.Gly39Val). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.94
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.35	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.73
CADD	Pathogenic	32
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.97	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.30	D
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.0

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1556619338; hg19: chrX-123480608;