rs180177090

Positions:

• chr16-23635848-AC-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The ENST00000261584.9(PALB2):​c.697del​(p.Val233LeufsTer5) variant causes a frameshift change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. V233V) has been classified as Likely benign. Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: PALB2 ENST00000261584.9 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:8
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -0.419

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 16-23635848-AC-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr16-23635848-AC-A is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 126764.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr16-23635848-AC-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4	c.697del	p.Val233LeufsTer5	frameshift_variant	4/13	ENST00000261584.9	NP_078951.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9	c.697del	p.Val233LeufsTer5	frameshift_variant	4/13	1	NM_024675.4	ENSP00000261584	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:8

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Familial cancer of breast Pathogenic:4

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Sep 25, 2023	For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 126764). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with pancreatic cancer and breast cancer (PMID: 19333784, 27106063). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Val233Leufs*5) in the PALB2 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in PALB2 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 17200668, 17200671, 17200672, 24136930, 25099575). -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Baylor Genetics	Apr 06, 2021	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Myriad Genetics, Inc.	Sep 07, 2023	This variant is considered pathogenic. This variant creates a frameshift predicted to result in premature protein truncation. -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	curation	Leiden Open Variation Database	May 13, 2019	Curators: Marc Tischkowitz, Arleen D. Auerbach. Submitter to LOVD: Marc Tischkowitz. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Jan 15, 2020	This variant deletes 1 nucleotide in exon 4 of the PALB2 gene, creating a frameshift and premature translation stop signal. This variant is expected to result in an absent or non-functional protein product. This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Loss of PALB2 function is a known mechanism of disease (clinicalgenome.org). Based on the available evidence, this variant is classified as Pathogenic. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Mar 09, 2023	The c.697delG pathogenic mutation, located in coding exon 4 of the PALB2 gene, results from a deletion of one nucleotide at nucleotide position 697, causing a translational frameshift with a predicted alternate stop codon (p.V233Lfs*5). This alteration has been reported in a South African woman with early onset breast cancer and a family history of pancreatic, colon and prostate cancers (Sluiter M et al. Fam. Cancer, 2009 Mar;8:347-53). This alteration was also reported in a cohort of 152 unselected Czech patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and not in 1226 healthy controls (Borecka M et al. Cancer Genet, 2016 May;209:199-204). In addition to the clinical data presented in the literature, this alteration is expected to result in loss of function by premature protein truncation or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. As such, this alteration is interpreted as a disease-causing mutation. -

Breast and/or ovarian cancer Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

clinical testing

CZECANCA consortium

Jun 11, 2019

- -

not provided Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Apr 28, 2022

Observed in individuals with PALB2-related cancers (Sluiter 2009, Borecka 2016); Frameshift variant predicted to result in protein truncation or nonsense mediated decay in a gene for which loss of function is a known mechanism of disease; Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 23935381, 20122277, 21932393, 20346647, 21165770, 19763884, 21618343, 24136930, 25099575, 17200668, 19333784, 27106063, 32295079, 20858716, 30263132) -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.050		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs180177090; hg19: chr16-23647169;