rs199474685

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points: 12P and 0B. PM1PM2PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000448.3(RAG1):c.1331C>T(p.Ala444Val) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000929 in 1,614,018 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. A444A) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000013 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000089 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

RAG1
NM_000448.3 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic reviewed by expert panel P:6O:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.57

Variant links:

Genes affected

RAG1 (HGNC:9831): (recombination activating 1) The protein encoded by this gene is involved in activation of immunoglobulin V-D-J recombination. The encoded protein is involved in recognition of the DNA substrate, but stable binding and cleavage activity also requires RAG2. Defects in this gene can be the cause of several diseases. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

RAG1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points.

PM1

In a DNA_binding_region NBD (size 67) in uniprot entity RAG1_HUMAN there are 31 pathogenic changes around while only 3 benign (91%) in NM_000448.3

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP5

Variant 11-36574635-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr11-36574635-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 68681.Status of the report is reviewed_by_expert_panel, 3 stars. Variant chr11-36574635-C-T is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
RAG1	NM_000448.3 linkuse as main transcript	c.1331C>T	p.Ala444Val	missense_variant	2/2	ENST00000299440.6

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
RAG1	ENST00000299440.6 linkuse as main transcript	c.1331C>T	p.Ala444Val	missense_variant	2/2	1	NM_000448.3	P1	P15918-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000131

AC:

AN:

152128

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.000207

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000120

AC:

AN:

250826

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000148

AC XY:

AN XY:

135524

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000289

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.0000327

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000884

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000889

AC:

AN:

1461890

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000110

AC XY:

AN XY:

727248

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.0000224

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.0000464

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00000719

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000131

AC:

AN:

152128

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74328

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.000207

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.0000278

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000113

ExAC

AF:

0.00000824

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:6Other:1

Revision: reviewed by expert panel

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Pathogenic:1Other:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen	Jul 01, 2019	- -
not provided, no classification provided	literature only	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	-	- -

Recombinase activating gene 1 deficiency

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, reviewed by expert panel

curation

ClinGen Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Variant Curation Expert Panel, ClinGen

Nov 14, 2023

The NM_000448.3(RAG1):c.1331C>T (p.Ala444Val) missense variant occurs in the NBD domain (amino acids 394-460), which is defined as a critical functional domain by the ClinGen SCID VCEP (PMID: 26996199; PM1). The popmax allele frequency is 0.00003266 (1/30614 alleles) in the South Asisan population, which is below the SCID VCEP established threshold of <0.000102 (PM2_supporting). At least 11 patients have been reported with this variant (PMIDs: 26596586, 24290284, 23085344, 17572155, 11133745, 36596882, 29410113), including patient 11 of PMID: 26596586 whom meets diagnostic criteria for SCID with a T-B-NK+ lymphocyte subset profile which is specific to recombinase activating gene 1 deficiency (PP4). Six patients are homozygous for this variant (PMIDs: 24290284, 17572155,11133745; 1pt maximum) and five are compound heterozygous (PMIDs: 26596586, 23085344, 11133745, 36596882, 29410113), harboring this variant as well as c.256_257 (provisionally classified Pathogenic by the SCID VCEP; 1+0.5pt), Val433Met, Lys992Glu, or c.2018_2025del. Total 2.5pt (PM3_Strong). Functional studies have shown a deleterious effect of this variant, significantly reducing function of the V(D)J recombination activity; mean recombination activity for Ala444Val was 1.4% of wild type +/- 0.2 (PMID: 24290284; PS3_moderate). In summary, this variant meets the criteria to be classified as pathogenic for recombinase activating gene 1 deficiency based on the ACMG/AMP criteria applied, as specified by the ClinGen SCID VCEP. Criteria applied: PM1, PM2_supporting, PP4, PM3_Strong, PS3_Moderate. (VCEP specifications version 1). -

Severe combined immunodeficiency, autosomal recessive, T cell-negative, B cell-negative, NK cell-positive

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

clinical testing

Clinic of Clinical Immunology with Stem Cell Bank, Expert Centre for Rare Diseases - PID, University Hospital "Alexandrovska"

May 01, 2022

- -

Severe combined immunodeficiency disease

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Jul 20, 2022

Variant summary: RAG1 c.1331C>T (p.Ala444Val) results in a non-conservative amino acid change located in the RAG nonamer-binding domain (IPR023336) of the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 1.2e-05 in 250826 control chromosomes. c.1331C>T has been reported in the literature in multiple individuals affected with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/Atypical SCID/Omenn syndrome (example, Villa_2001, Haq_2007, Sharapova_2012, Firtina_2020). These data indicate that the variant is very likely to be associated with disease. At least one publication reports experimental evidence evaluating an impact on protein function (example, Lee_2014). The most pronounced variant effect results in 1.4% of normal VDJ recombination activity. Three clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation. All laboratories classified the variant as pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. -

Severe combined immunodeficiency, autosomal recessive, T cell-negative, B cell-negative, NK cell-positive;C2673536:Combined immunodeficiency with skin granulomas

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Jan 08, 2024

This sequence change replaces alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, with valine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 444 of the RAG1 protein (p.Ala444Val). This variant is present in population databases (rs199474685, gnomAD 0.003%). This missense change has been observed in individuals with primary immunodeficiency (PMID: 11133745, 23085344, 24290284, 26596586; Invitae). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 68681). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) has been performed at Invitae for this missense variant, however the output from this modeling did not meet the statistical confidence thresholds required to predict the impact of this variant on RAG1 protein function. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Combined immunodeficiency due to partial RAG1 deficiency

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Baylor Genetics

Oct 22, 2023

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.61

BayesDel_addAF

Uncertain

0.15

BayesDel_noAF

Uncertain

0.070

Cadd

Pathogenic

Dann

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.79

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.82

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.80

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.98

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

0.99

M_CAP

Benign

0.082

MetaRNN

Uncertain

0.74

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.099

MutationAssessor

Benign

1.8

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.66

PROVEAN

Benign

-1.8

REVEL

Uncertain

0.60

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0010

Polyphen

1.0

Vest4

0.43

MutPred

0.77

Loss of helix (P = 0.079);

MVP

0.92

MPC

0.71

ClinPred

0.86

GERP RS

5.6

Varity_R

0.51

gMVP

0.54

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over