rs200607029

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -3 ACMG points: 1P and 4B. PP5BS2

The NM_000153.4(GALC):c.2041G>A(p.Val681Met) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000075 in 1,613,206 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 2 homozygotes. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000072 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000075 ( 2 hom. )

Consequence

GALC
NM_000153.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:6U:5

Conservation

PhyloP100: 1.53

Variant links:

Genes affected

GALC (HGNC:4115): (galactosylceramidase) This gene encodes a lysosomal protein which hydrolyzes the galactose ester bonds of galactosylceramide, galactosylsphingosine, lactosylceramide, and monogalactosyldiglyceride. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Krabbe disease, also known as globoid cell leukodystrophy. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GALC links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -3 ACMG points.

PP5

Variant 14-87934749-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr14-87934749-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 208291.We mark this variant Likely_pathogenic, oryginal submissions are: {Likely_pathogenic=4, Pathogenic=2, Uncertain_significance=4}.

BS2

High Homozygotes in GnomAdExome4 at 2 AR gene

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GALC	NM_000153.4 link	c.2041G>A	p.Val681Met	missense_variant	Exon 17 of 17	ENST00000261304.7	NP_000144.2	P54803-1A0A0A0MQV0

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
GALC	ENST00000261304.7 link	c.2041G>A	p.Val681Met	missense_variant	Exon 17 of 17	1	NM_000153.4	ENSP00000261304.2		P54803-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000723

AC:

AN:

152046

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.000387

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.000828

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000588

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.000479

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.000193

AC:

AN:

248920

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.000170

AC XY:

AN XY:

135046

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.0000995

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.000501

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00111

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000177

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000331

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000753

AC:

110

AN:

1461042

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000798

AC XY:

AN XY:

726842

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.0000767

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.000353

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.000719

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.0000198

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.000166

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000723

AC:

AN:

152164

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000941

AC XY:

AN XY:

74404

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.000388

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.000829

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000588

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.000474

Bravo

AF:

0.0000416

ExAC

AF:

0.000174

AC:

Asia WGS

AF:

0.00144

AC:

AN:

3478

EpiCase

AF:

0.0000546

EpiControl

AF:

0.00

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:6Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Galactosylceramide beta-galactosidase deficiency

Pathogenic:5Uncertain:1

Mar 29, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jun 27, 2013

ClinVar Staff, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: literature only

- -

Mar 18, 2016

Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University Medical Center

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: reference population

- -

Dec 26, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces valine, which is neutral and non-polar, with methionine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 681 of the GALC protein (p.Val681Met). This variant is present in population databases (rs200607029, gnomAD 0.1%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with Krabbe disease (PMID: 23462331, 31885218). In at least one individual the data is consistent with being in trans (on the opposite chromosome) from a pathogenic variant. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 208291). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt GALC protein function with a positive predictive value of 80%. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Feb 24, 2022

MGZ Medical Genetics Center

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Baylor Genetics

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

not provided

Pathogenic:1Uncertain:2

Nov 16, 2022

Revvity Omics, Revvity

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

May 11, 2023

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The significance of this variant, alone or in cis with another variant is not clear at present (PMID: 27638593); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; Also known as p.(V665M); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 34426522, 31589614, 36161165, 36341094, 23462331, 31885218, 35419325, 27638593) -

Oct 01, 2019

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

not specified

Uncertain:1

May 10, 2023

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: GALC c.2041G>A (p.Val681Met) results in a conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Four of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00019 in 248920 control chromosomes (gnomAD). This frequency is not significantly higher than estimated for a pathogenic variant in GALC causing Krabbe Disease (0.00019 vs 0.0022), allowing no conclusion about variant significance. c.2041G>A has been reported in the literature as a compound heterozygous genotype in two individuals affected with adult onset presentations of Krabbe Disease (example, Yang_2013, Xie_2020) and one case of Krabbe Diasese diagnosed at newborn screening (Li_2022). These data indicate that the variant may be associated with disease. At least one publication reports experimental evidence evaluating an impact on protein function (Saavendra-Matiz_2016). These results showed no damaging effect of this variant in isolation but when associated in cis with a different variant, namely p.I546T, a "haplotype effect" was observed such that the construct bearing p.V665M+p.I546T in cis demonstrated GALC enzyme activity of approximately 30% of normal WT levels. This variant is characterized as a mild allele when in cis with p.I546T. Lastly, the presence of this co-occurring allele in the three ascertained cases mentioned above cannot be unequivocally ruled out. The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 35419325, 27638593, 31885218, 23462331). Five clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 and classified the variant as pathogenic/likely pathogenic (n=4) and VUS (n=1). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant in isolation was classified as VUS-possibly pathogenic. -

Inborn genetic diseases

Uncertain:1

Aug 01, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The c.2041G>A (p.V681M) alteration is located in exon 17 (coding exon 17) of the GALC gene. This alteration results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 2041, causing the valine (V) at amino acid position 681 to be replaced by a methionine (M). Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.25

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.17

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.42

CADD

Uncertain

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.84

D;.;.

Eigen

Uncertain

0.65

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.57

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.66

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.91

D;D;D

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.31

MetaRNN

Uncertain

0.64

D;D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.0

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

2.9

M;.;.

PrimateAI

Benign

0.38

PROVEAN

Benign

-1.9

N;N;N

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.71

Sift

Uncertain

0.0020

D;D;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.0040

D;D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;D;.

Vest4

0.79

MutPred

0.64

Loss of sheet (P = 0.0037);.;.;

MVP

0.96

MPC

0.58

ClinPred

0.19

GERP RS

4.7

Varity_R

0.13

gMVP

0.88

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over