rs201096652

Positions:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -3 ACMG points: 0P and 3B. BP4_ModerateBP6

The NM_000179.3(MSH6):c.1937A>G(p.Lys646Arg) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000142 in 1,614,170 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 13/20 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. K646N) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000015 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

MSH6
NM_000179.3 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:8B:3

Conservation

PhyloP100: 6.89

Variant links:

Genes affected

MSH6 (HGNC:7329): (mutS homolog 6) This gene encodes a member of the DNA mismatch repair MutS family. In E. coli, the MutS protein helps in the recognition of mismatched nucleotides prior to their repair. A highly conserved region of approximately 150 aa, called the Walker-A adenine nucleotide binding motif, exists in MutS homologs. The encoded protein heterodimerizes with MSH2 to form a mismatch recognition complex that functions as a bidirectional molecular switch that exchanges ADP and ATP as DNA mismatches are bound and dissociated. Mutations in this gene may be associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer, colorectal cancer, and endometrial cancer. Transcripts variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

MSH6 links:

FBXO11 (HGNC:13590): (F-box protein 11) This gene encodes a member of the F-box protein family which is characterized by an approximately 40 amino acid motif, the F-box. The F-box proteins constitute one of the four subunits of ubiquitin protein ligase complex called SCFs (SKP1-cullin-F-box), which function in phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination. The F-box proteins are divided into 3 classes: Fbws containing WD-40 domains, Fbls containing leucine-rich repeats, and Fbxs containing either different protein-protein interaction modules or no recognizable motifs. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the Fbxs class. It can function as an arginine methyltransferase that symmetrically dimethylates arginine residues, and it acts as an adaptor protein to mediate the neddylation of p53, which leads to the suppression of p53 function. This gene is known to be down-regulated in melanocytes from patients with vitiligo, a skin disorder that results in depigmentation. Polymorphisms in this gene are associated with chronic otitis media with effusion and recurrent otitis media (COME/ROM), a hearing loss disorder, and the knockout of the homologous mouse gene results in the deaf mouse mutant Jeff (Jf), a single gene model of otitis media. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]

FBXO11 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -3 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.10851234).

BP6

Variant 2-47799920-A-G is Benign according to our data. Variant chr2-47799920-A-G is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 237148.We mark this variant Likely_benign, oryginal submissions are: {Likely_benign=3, Uncertain_significance=7}.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
MSH6	NM_000179.3 linkuse as main transcript	c.1937A>G	p.Lys646Arg	missense_variant	4/10	ENST00000234420.11

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
MSH6	ENST00000234420.11 linkuse as main transcript	c.1937A>G	p.Lys646Arg	missense_variant	4/10	1	NM_000179.3	P4	P52701-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152172

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.000192

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000358

AC:

AN:

251204

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000147

AC XY:

AN XY:

135762

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.000435

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.0000327

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000150

AC:

AN:

1461880

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000138

AC XY:

AN XY:

727244

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.000479

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.0000232

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.0000166

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152290

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

74482

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.000193

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Bravo

AF:

0.0000302

ExAC

AF:

0.0000494

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:8Benign:3

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:2Benign:1

Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Oct 19, 2018	This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 23621914, 26689913, 29338689, 31386297) -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Mayo Clinic Laboratories, Mayo Clinic	Apr 29, 2021	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano	Jun 20, 2019	- -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:1Benign:1

Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Jul 10, 2018	This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Feb 21, 2023	This missense variant replaces lysine with arginine at codon 646 of the MSH6 protein. Computational prediction tool suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been performed for this variant. This variant has been reported in individuals affected with breast cancer (PMID: 26689913, 30982232), and in an individual affected with endometrial cancer that did not meet Amsterdam II criteria or revised Bethesda guidelines (PMID: 31307542). This variant has been identified in 9/251204 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

not specified

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Jul 18, 2019

Variant summary: MSH6 c.1937A>G (p.Lys646Arg) results in a conservative amino acid change located in the connector domain (IPR007860) of the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function, in addition, a bioinformatics tool developed to predict the impact of missense variants in MSH6, indicated no impact on protein function (Terui 2013). The variant allele was found at a frequency of 3.6e-05 in 251204 control chromosomes, predominantly within the East Asian subpopulation at a frequency of 0.00043 in the gnomAD database, which is higher than the expected maximum for a pathogenic variant in MSH6 (0.00014), supporting a benign role for the variant. c.1937A>G has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with breast and/or ovarian cancer (Lu_2015, Wang_2019, Samuel_2019, Yehia_2018), and one of these individuals had a positive family history for colon cancer (Samuel_2019). These reports do not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Lynch Syndrome. Co-occurrences with other pathogenic variant(s) have been reported (MSH6, p.K1228fs*2), providing supporting evidence for a benign role (Yehia_2018). To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Four submitters have provided clinical-significance assessments for this variant in ClinVar after 2014, and classified the variant as VUS (3x) or likely benign (1x). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as VUS-possibly benign. -

Breast and/or ovarian cancer

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

CHEO Genetics Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario

Mar 12, 2021

- -

Lynch syndrome

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health

Dec 01, 2023

This missense variant replaces lysine with arginine at codon 646 of the MSH6 protein. Computational prediction tool suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <=0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been performed for this variant. This variant has been reported in individuals affected with breast cancer (PMID: 26689913, 30982232), and in an individual affected with endometrial cancer that did not meet Amsterdam II criteria or revised Bethesda guidelines (PMID: 31307542). This variant has been identified in 9/251204 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Malignant tumor of breast

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided

clinical testing

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System

The MSH6 p.Lys646Arg variant was not identified in the literature nor was it identified in the GeneInsight-COGR, MutDB, UMD-LSDB, Insight Colon Cancer Gene Variant Database, Zhejiang Colon Cancer Database, Mismatch Repair Genes Variant Database, or Insight Hereditary Tumors databases. The variant was identified in dbSNP (ID: rs201096652) as â€šÃ„ÃºWith Uncertain significance alleleâ€šÃ„Ã¹, in ClinVar and Clinvitae (classified as uncertain significance by Invitae, GeneDx and Color Genomics; and likely benign by Ambry Genetics), and COSMIC databases (confirmed somatic in one case of gastric adenocarcinoma). The variant was identified in control databases in 8 of 245948 chromosomes at a frequency of 0.00003 (Genome Aggregation Database Feb 27, 2017). Breakdown of the observations by population include East Asian in 7 of 17248 chromosomes (freq: 0.0004), and South Asian in 1 of 30782 chromosomes (freq: 0.00003) while the variant was not observed in the African, Other, Latino, European Non-Finnish, Ashkenazi Jewish, or Finnish populations. The p.Lys646 residue is conserved in in mammals but not in more distantly related organisms however computational analyses (PolyPhen-2, SIFT, AlignGVGD, BLOSUM, MutationTaster) do not suggest a high likelihood of impact to the protein; this information is not predictive enough to rule out pathogenicity. The variant occurs outside of the splicing consensus sequence and in silico or computational prediction software programs (SpliceSiteFinder, MaxEntScan, NNSPLICE, GeneSplicer, HumanSpliceFinder) do not predict a difference in splicing. In summary, based on the above information the clinical significance of this variant cannot be determined with certainty at this time. This variant is classified as a variant of uncertain significance. -

Endometrial carcinoma

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Baylor Genetics

Oct 22, 2023

- -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms

Benign:1

Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Jan 26, 2024

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.079

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.19

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.20

CADD

Benign

DANN

Benign

0.81

Eigen

Benign

-0.23

Eigen_PC

Benign

-0.22

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.97

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.094

MetaRNN

Benign

0.11

T;T;T;T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.36

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

D;N;N;N

PrimateAI

Benign

0.40

Sift4G

Benign

0.32

T;T;T;T;T

Polyphen

0.24

.;.;B;.;.

Vest4

0.35

MVP

0.93

ClinPred

0.27

GERP RS

3.4

Varity_R

0.28

gMVP

0.29

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over