rs202120684

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 12 ACMG points: 12P and 0B. PM1PM2PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_016180.5(SLC45A2):c.454T>C(p.Phe152Leu) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000929 in 1,614,074 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000013 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000089 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

SLC45A2
NM_016180.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:3U:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 5.96

Publications

0 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

SLC45A2 (HGNC:16472): (solute carrier family 45 member 2) This gene encodes a transporter protein that mediates melanin synthesis. The protein is expressed in a high percentage of melanoma cell lines. Mutations in this gene are a cause of oculocutaneous albinism type 4, and polymorphisms in this gene are associated with variations in skin and hair color. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]

SLC45A2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

oculocutaneous albinism type 4
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, Ambry Genetics, G2P

SLC45A2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 12 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 3 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 7 uncertain in NM_016180.5

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP5

Variant 5-33982344-A-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr5-33982344-A-G is described in ClinVar as Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 521030.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
SLC45A2	NM_016180.5 link	c.454T>C	p.Phe152Leu	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 7	ENST00000296589.9	NP_057264.4

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
SLC45A2	ENST00000296589.9 link	c.454T>C	p.Phe152Leu	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 7	1	NM_016180.5	ENSP00000296589.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000131

AC:

AN:

152194

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000294

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000159

AC:

AN:

251460

AF XY:

0.0000221

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.0000615

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000264

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000889

AC:

AN:

1461880

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000110

AC XY:

AN XY:

727242

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000597

AC:

AN:

33478

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86258

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53418

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000989

AC:

AN:

1112004

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60394

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.467

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000131

AC:

AN:

152194

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74348

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41454

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15288

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3464

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5190

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4830

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10618

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000294

AC:

AN:

68030

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2092

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.450

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.0000761

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000113

ExAC

AF:

0.0000330

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Inborn genetic diseases

Pathogenic:1

Mar 30, 2016

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Oculocutaneous albinism type 4

Pathogenic:1

Apr 07, 2025

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: SLC45A2 c.454T>C (p.Phe152Leu) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Three of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 1.6e-05 in 251460 control chromosomes. c.454T>C has been reported in the literature in compound heterozygous individuals affected with Oculocutaneous albinism type 4 (example: Lasseaux_2018, Loftus_2023, Internal data). These data indicate that the variant may be associated with disease. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 29345414, 37327787). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 521030). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely pathogenic. -

not provided

Pathogenic:1

Nov 13, 2023

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces phenylalanine, which is neutral and non-polar, with leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 152 of the SLC45A2 protein (p.Phe152Leu). This variant is present in population databases (rs202120684, gnomAD 0.004%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with SLC45A2-related conditions (PMID: 29345414; Invitae). In at least one individual the data is consistent with being in trans (on the opposite chromosome) from a pathogenic variant. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 521030). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt SLC45A2 protein function with a negative predictive value of 80%. In summary, the currently available evidence indicates that the variant is pathogenic, but additional data are needed to prove that conclusively. Therefore, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic. -

SLC45A2-related disorder

Uncertain:1

May 21, 2024

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

The SLC45A2 c.454T>C variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Phe152Leu. This variant has been reported along with a frameshift variant in SLC45A2 in an individual with oculocutaneous albinism (Table S5, Lasseaux et al. 2018. PubMed ID: 29345414). This variant is reported in 0.0040% of alleles in individuals of African descent in gnomAD. Although we suspect that this variant may be pathogenic, at this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.95

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.26

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.32

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.34

T;.;.

Eigen

Benign

-0.0059

Eigen_PC

Benign

0.15

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.96

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.89

D;D;D

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.087

MetaRNN

Uncertain

0.48

T;T;T

MetaSVM

Uncertain

-0.026

MutationAssessor

Benign

1.1

L;L;.

PhyloP100

6.0

PrimateAI

Pathogenic

0.80

PROVEAN

Benign

-0.48

N;N;N

REVEL

Uncertain

0.57

Sift

Benign

0.69

T;T;T

Sift4G

Benign

1.0

T;T;T

Polyphen

0.041

B;B;D

Vest4

0.59

MutPred

0.41

Loss of helix (P = 0.079);Loss of helix (P = 0.079);Loss of helix (P = 0.079);

MVP

0.83

MPC

0.29

ClinPred

0.96

GERP RS

5.3

Varity_R

0.34

gMVP

0.84

Mutation Taster

=1/99

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over