rs202199411

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1PM2PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_014363.6(SACS):c.9508C>T(p.Arg3170*) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000822 in 1,460,418 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. R3170R) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: not found (cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000082 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

SACS
NM_014363.6 stop_gained

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:8

Conservation

PhyloP100: 2.18

Publications

1 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

SACS (HGNC:10519): (sacsin molecular chaperone) This gene encodes the sacsin protein, which includes a UbL domain at the N-terminus, a DnaJ domain, and a HEPN domain at the C-terminus. The gene is highly expressed in the central nervous system, also found in skin, skeletal muscles and at low levels in the pancreas. This gene includes a very large exon spanning more than 12.8 kb. Mutations in this gene result in autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by early-onset cerebellar ataxia with spasticity and peripheral neuropathy. The authors of a publication on the effects of siRNA-mediated sacsin knockdown concluded that sacsin protects against mutant ataxin-1 and suggest that "the large multi-domain sacsin protein is able to recruit Hsp70 chaperone action and has the potential to regulate the effects of other ataxia proteins" (Parfitt et al., PubMed: 19208651). A pseudogene associated with this gene is located on chromosome 11. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2013]

SACS Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

Charlevoix-Saguenay spastic ataxia
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, G2P, Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Myriad Women’s Health

SACS links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points.

PVS1

Loss of function variant, product does not undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. Variant is located in the 3'-most exon, not predicted to undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. There are 268 pathogenic variants in the truncated region.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP5

Variant 13-23334368-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr13-23334368-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 280094.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr13-23334368-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 280094.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr13-23334368-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 280094.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr13-23334368-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 280094.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr13-23334368-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 280094.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr13-23334368-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 280094.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr13-23334368-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 280094.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr13-23334368-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 280094.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr13-23334368-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 280094.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr13-23334368-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 280094.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr13-23334368-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 280094.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr13-23334368-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 280094.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr13-23334368-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 280094.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr13-23334368-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 280094.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr13-23334368-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 280094.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr13-23334368-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 280094.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr13-23334368-G-A is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 280094.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
SACS	NM_014363.6 link	c.9508C>T	p.Arg3170*	stop_gained	Exon 10 of 10	ENST00000382292.9	NP_055178.3	Q9NZJ4-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
SACS	ENST00000382292.9 link	c.9508C>T	p.Arg3170*	stop_gained	Exon 10 of 10	5	NM_014363.6	ENSP00000371729.3		Q9NZJ4-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

Cov.:

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.00000399

AC:

AN:

250380

AF XY:

0.00

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000883

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000822

AC:

AN:

1460418

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000964

AC XY:

AN XY:

726400

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33396

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44608

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26102

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39672

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86020

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53212

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5720

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000108

AC:

AN:

1111354

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60334

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.496

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

Cov.:

Alfa

AF:

0.0000618

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000227

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000116

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.00000824

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:8

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Charlevoix-Saguenay spastic ataxia

Pathogenic:5

Jan 01, 2022

PROSPAX: an integrated multimodal progression chart in spastic ataxias, Center for Neurology; Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:research

- -

Dec 24, 2022

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: SACS c.9508C>T (p.Arg3170X) results in a premature termination codon and is predicted to cause a truncation of the encoded protein, which is a commonly known mechanism for disease. Although this premature termination is not expected to result in nonsense mediated decay, truncations downstream of this position have been classified as pathogenic by our laboratory. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 4e-06 in 250380 control chromosomes (gnomAD). c.9508C>T has been reported in the literature in at least one compound heterozygous individual affected with Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia Of Charlevoix-Saguenay (Thiffault_2013). These data do not allow any conclusion about variant significance. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Five ClinVar submitters have assessed the variant since 2014: two classified the variant as likely pathogenic, and three as pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely pathogenic. -

Sep 05, 2021

Genome-Nilou Lab

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Apr 05, 2016

Counsyl

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This submission and the accompanying classification are no longer maintained by the submitter. For more information on current observations and classification, please contact variantquestions@myriad.com. -

Mar 27, 2024

Baylor Genetics

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

not provided

Pathogenic:2

Sep 27, 2024

Athena Diagnostics

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The frequency of this variant in the general population is consistent with pathogenicity. (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org) This variant is not expected to cause loss of protein expression through nonsense-mediated decay. However, it disrupts a critical region of the protein, and therefore, is expected to severely disrupt its function. This variant has been identified in at least one individual with clinical features associated with this gene. -

Oct 22, 2024

GeneDx

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Nonsense variant predicted to result in protein truncation, as the last 1410 amino acids are lost, and other loss-of-function variants have been reported downstream in HGMD; Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 31980526, 23250129) -

Spastic paraplegia

Pathogenic:1

Aug 29, 2023

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is present in population databases (rs202199411, gnomAD 0.002%). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. This variant disrupts a region of the SACS protein in which other variant(s) (p.Arg3903*) have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 19892370, 21745802). This suggests that this is a clinically significant region of the protein, and that variants that disrupt it are likely to be disease-causing. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 280094). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (PMID: 23250129). This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Arg3170*) in the SACS gene. While this is not anticipated to result in nonsense mediated decay, it is expected to disrupt the last 1410 amino acid(s) of the SACS protein. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.63

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.49

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

Eigen

Uncertain

0.59

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.43

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.87

PhyloP100

2.2

Vest4

0.97

GERP RS

4.0

Mutation Taster

=0/200

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over