rs267607979
Variant summary
Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 22 ACMG points: 22P and 0B. PVS1PM2PP3_StrongPP5_Very_Strong
The NM_000251.3(MSH2):c.2211-1G>A variant causes a splice acceptor change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).
Frequency
Genomes: not found (cov: 31)
Consequence
MSH2
NM_000251.3 splice_acceptor
NM_000251.3 splice_acceptor
Scores
5
1
1
Splicing: ADA: 1.000
2
Clinical Significance
Conservation
PhyloP100: 9.20
Genes affected
MSH2 (HGNC:7325): (mutS homolog 2) This locus is frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). When cloned, it was discovered to be a human homolog of the E. coli mismatch repair gene mutS, consistent with the characteristic alterations in microsatellite sequences (RER+ phenotype) found in HNPCC. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]
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ACMG classification
Classification made for transcript
Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 22 ACMG points.
PVS1
?
Splicing variant, LoF is a know mechanism of disease, No cryptic splice site detected. Exon removal results in frameshift change.
PM2
?
Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;
PP3
?
Splicing scoreres supports a deletorius effect: Scorers claiming Pathogenic: dbscSNV1_ADA, dbscSNV1_RF, max_spliceai. No scorers claiming Uncertain. No scorers claiming Benign.
PP5
?
Variant 2-47478271-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr2-47478271-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 635371.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
Transcripts
RefSeq
Gene | Transcript | HGVSc | HGVSp | Effect | #exon/exons | MANE | UniProt |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MSH2 | NM_000251.3 | c.2211-1G>A | splice_acceptor_variant | ENST00000233146.7 |
Ensembl
Gene | Transcript | HGVSc | HGVSp | Effect | #exon/exons | TSL | MANE | Appris | UniProt |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MSH2 | ENST00000233146.7 | c.2211-1G>A | splice_acceptor_variant | 1 | NM_000251.3 | P1 |
Frequencies
GnomAD3 genomes ? Cov.: 31
GnomAD3 genomes
?
Cov.:
31
GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32
GnomAD4 exome
Cov.:
32
GnomAD4 genome ? Cov.: 31
GnomAD4 genome
?
Cov.:
31
ClinVar
Significance: Likely pathogenic
Submissions summary: Pathogenic:5Other:1
Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
LINK: link
Submissions by phenotype
Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Pathogenic:2
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Ambry Genetics | Oct 18, 2022 | The c.2211-1G>A intronic variant results from a G to A substitution one nucleotide upstream from coding exon 14 of the MSH2 gene. This nucleotide position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In silico splice site analysis predicts that this alteration will weaken the native splice acceptor site; however, direct evidence is insufficient at this time (Ambry internal data). This variant is considered to be rare based on population cohorts in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Alterations that disrupt the canonical splice site are expected to cause aberrant splicing, resulting in an abnormal protein or a transcript that is subject to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. As such, this alteration is classified as likely pathogenic. - |
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health | Apr 17, 2023 | This variant causes a G to A nucleotide substitution at the -1 position of intron 13 of the MSH2 gene. Splice site prediction tools predict that this variant disrupts the acceptor site at exon 14 and may have a significant impact on RNA splicing. Although this prediction has not been confirmed in published RNA studies, exon 14 is out-of-frame and this variant is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with MSH2-related disorders in the literature. This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Loss of MSH2 function is a known mechanism of disease (clinicalgenome.org). Based on the available evidence, this variant is classified as Likely Pathogenic. - |
Lynch syndrome 1 Pathogenic:1
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Myriad Genetics, Inc. | Aug 08, 2023 | This variant is considered likely pathogenic. This variant occurs within a consensus splice junction and is predicted to result in abnormal mRNA splicing of either an out-of-frame exon or an in-frame exon necessary for protein stability and/or normal function. - |
Lynch syndrome Pathogenic:1
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health | Mar 02, 2023 | This variant disrupts a canonical splice site and is predicted to result in abnormal splicing. Aberrant splicing and/or loss of function is an established mechanism of disease. This prediction has not been confirmed by functional studies. This variant is absent from or rare in large population databases, including the Genome Aggregation Database (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/). - |
Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Pathogenic:1
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Invitae | Oct 05, 2022 | In summary, the currently available evidence indicates that the variant is pathogenic, but additional data are needed to prove that conclusively. Therefore, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 635371). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with MSH2-related conditions. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change affects an acceptor splice site in intron 13 of the MSH2 gene. It is expected to disrupt RNA splicing. Variants that disrupt the donor or acceptor splice site typically lead to a loss of protein function (PMID: 16199547), and loss-of-function variants in MSH2 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 15849733, 24362816). - |
not provided Other:1
not provided, no classification provided | in vitro | MutSpliceDB: a database of splice sites variants effects on splicing, NIH | - | - - |
Computational scores
Source:
Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
BayesDel_addAF
Pathogenic
D
BayesDel_noAF
Pathogenic
CADD
Pathogenic
DANN
Uncertain
Eigen
Pathogenic
Eigen_PC
Pathogenic
FATHMM_MKL
Pathogenic
D
MutationTaster
Benign
D;D;D
GERP RS
Splicing
Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA
Pathogenic
dbscSNV1_RF
Pathogenic
SpliceAI score (max)
Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_AL_spliceai
Position offset: 1
Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at