rs267608551

chrX-154030915-T-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP5_Moderate

The NM_001110792.2(MECP2):c.949A>G(p.Lys317Glu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. K317R) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 23)
• Consequence: MECP2 NM_001110792.2 missense
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1 U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.24

Genes affected

MECP2 (HGNC:6990): (methyl-CpG binding protein 2) DNA methylation is the major modification of eukaryotic genomes and plays an essential role in mammalian development. Human proteins MECP2, MBD1, MBD2, MBD3, and MBD4 comprise a family of nuclear proteins related by the presence in each of a methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD). Each of these proteins, with the exception of MBD3, is capable of binding specifically to methylated DNA. MECP2, MBD1 and MBD2 can also repress transcription from methylated gene promoters. In contrast to other MBD family members, MECP2 is X-linked and subject to X inactivation. MECP2 is dispensible in stem cells, but is essential for embryonic development. MECP2 gene mutations are the cause of most cases of Rett syndrome, a progressive neurologic developmental disorder and one of the most common causes of cognitive disability in females. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 9 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 6 uncertain in NM_001110792.2
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chrX-154030914-T-C is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 143745.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
• PP5: Variant X-154030915-T-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chrX-154030915-T-C is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 143744.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars. Variant chrX-154030915-T-C is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
MECP2	NM_001110792.2	c.949A>G	p.Lys317Glu	missense_variant	3/3	ENST00000453960.7
MECP2	NM_004992.4	c.913A>G	p.Lys305Glu	missense_variant	4/4	ENST00000303391.11

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
MECP2	ENST00000453960.7	c.949A>G	p.Lys317Glu	missense_variant	3/3	1	NM_001110792.2
MECP2	ENST00000303391.11	c.913A>G	p.Lys305Glu	missense_variant	4/4	1	NM_004992.4	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 23

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 35

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 23

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1 Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Rett syndrome Pathogenic:1 Uncertain:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	curation	Centre for Population Genomics, CPG	Mar 15, 2024	This variant has been collected from RettBASE and curated to current modified ACMG/AMP criteria. Based on the classification scheme defined by the ClinGen Rett/Angelman-like Expert Panel for Rett/AS-like Disorders Specifications to the ACMG/AMP Variant Interpretation Guidelines VCEP 3.0, this variant is classified as likely pathogenic. At least the following criteria are met: Occurs in the well-characterized Transcriptional repression domain (TRD) of MECP2 (PM1). This variant has been identified as a de novo occurrence in an individual with Rett syndrome without confirmation of paternity and maternity (PM6). PMID 17089071 Computational prediction analysis tools suggests a deleterious impact (REVEL score>= 0.75) (PP3). This variant is absent from gnomAD (PM2_Supporting). -
Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided	curation	RettBASE	Feb 18, 2008	- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.37	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.60
Cadd	Uncertain	24
Dann	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.092	T
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.24	T
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.97	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.70	D
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D
Sift4G	Benign	0.26	T
Vest4		0.51
MVP		0.96
ClinPred		0.96	D
GERP RS		5.1

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs267608551; hg19: chrX-153296366;