rs281865522

Variant names:

• chr11-89227948-CT-C
• rs281865522
• NM_000372.5:c.1164delT

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000372.5(TYR):​c.1164delT​(p.His389ThrfsTer96) variant causes a frameshift change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000684 in 1,461,322 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000068 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: TYR NM_000372.5 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:3 O:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.55

Genes affected

TYR (HGNC:12442): (tyrosinase) The enzyme encoded by this gene catalyzes the first 2 steps, and at least 1 subsequent step, in the conversion of tyrosine to melanin. The enzyme has both tyrosine hydroxylase and dopa oxidase catalytic activities, and requires copper for function. Mutations in this gene result in oculocutaneous albinism, and nonpathologic polymorphisms result in skin pigmentation variation. The human genome contains a pseudogene similar to the 3' half of this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 11-89227948-CT-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr11-89227948-CT-C is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 3799.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr11-89227948-CT-C is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic]. Variant chr11-89227948-CT-C is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
TYR	NM_000372.5	c.1164delT	p.His389ThrfsTer96	frameshift_variant	Exon 3 of 5	ENST00000263321.6	NP_000363.1
TYR	XM_011542970.3	c.1164delT	p.His389ThrfsTer95	frameshift_variant	Exon 3 of 6		XP_011541272.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
TYR	ENST00000263321.6	c.1164delT	p.His389ThrfsTer96	frameshift_variant	Exon 3 of 5	1	NM_000372.5	ENSP00000263321.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.0000119 AC: 3 AN: 251092 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.0000147 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 135716

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.0000264

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000684 AC: 10 AN: 1461322 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000688 AC XY: 5 AN XY: 726978

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000900

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3 Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Pathogenic:1 Other:1

Nov 14, 2023

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.His389Thrfs*96) in the TYR gene. While this is not anticipated to result in nonsense mediated decay, it is expected to disrupt the last 141 amino acid(s) of the TYR protein. This variant is present in population databases (rs773463933, gnomAD 0.003%). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individuals with Oculocutaneous albinism (PMID: 1642278, 18463683). This variant is also known as 388 CTT(Leu)-CT-FS. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 3799). This variant disrupts a region of the TYR protein in which other variant(s) (p.Asp448Asn) have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 1642278, 10987646, 13680365, 27734839). This suggests that this is a clinically significant region of the protein, and that variants that disrupt it are likely to be disease-causing. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

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Retina International

Significance: not provided

Review Status: no classification provided

Collection Method: literature only

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Oculocutaneous albinism type 1A Pathogenic:1

Jul 15, 1992

OMIM

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: literature only

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Oculocutaneous albinism type 1B;C2677190:SKIN/HAIR/EYE PIGMENTATION 3, LIGHT/DARK SKIN;C4551504:Oculocutaneous albinism type 1A Pathogenic:1

Mar 09, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

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Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.12		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs281865522; hg19: chr11-88961116;