rs28933394

Positions:

• chr3-129528906-C-G
• chr3-129528906-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP3_Strong PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000539.3(RHO):​c.173C>G​(p.Thr58Arg) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,888 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. T58M) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: RHO NM_000539.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:8
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 6.17

Genes affected

RHO (HGNC:10012): (rhodopsin) The protein encoded by this gene is found in rod cells in the back of the eye and is essential for vision in low-light conditions. The encoded protein binds to 11-cis retinal and is activated when light hits the retinal molecule. Defects in this gene are a cause of congenital stationary night blindness. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 4 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 5 uncertain in NM_000539.3
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr3-129528906-C-T is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic].
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.991
• PP5: Variant 3-129528906-C-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr3-129528906-C-G is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 13016.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr3-129528906-C-G is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic]. Variant chr3-129528906-C-G is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic]. Variant chr3-129528906-C-G is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic]. Variant chr3-129528906-C-G is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
RHO	NM_000539.3	c.173C>G	p.Thr58Arg	missense_variant	1/5	ENST00000296271.4

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
RHO	ENST00000296271.4	c.173C>G	p.Thr58Arg	missense_variant	1/5	1	NM_000539.3	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461888 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 727244

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 8.99e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:8

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Retinitis pigmentosa 4 Pathogenic:4

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	MGZ Medical Genetics Center	Feb 04, 2022	- -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	literature only	OMIM	Oct 01, 1991	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Mendelics	May 28, 2019	- -
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester, Central Manchester University Hospitals	Sep 01, 2020	- -

not provided Pathogenic:2

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Aug 24, 2023	In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 2333895, 15823756, 21094163, 8486634, 1924344, 2215617, 36648560, 30977563, 32483926, 25408095, 32882181, 32795431, 31717845, 29847639, 33777460, 31908405, 1929926, 28981474, 32037395, 18385078, 1882937, 8328469) -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Dec 27, 2022	For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects RHO function (PMID: 1924344). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt RHO protein function. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 13016). This missense change has been observed in individuals with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (PMID: 2215617, 29847639). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change replaces threonine, which is neutral and polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 58 of the RHO protein (p.Thr58Arg). -

Retinal dystrophy Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Blueprint Genetics	Jul 29, 2019	- -
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	research	Dept Of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University	Oct 01, 2023	- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.99
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.41	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.36
CADD	Pathogenic	29
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.86	D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.97
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.89
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.37	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.99	D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.62	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	4.1	H
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.74	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-4.7	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.82
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0010	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.97
MutPred		0.94		Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0295);
MVP		0.99
MPC		0.93
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.5
Varity_R		1.0
gMVP		0.99

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs28933394; hg19: chr3-129247749;