rs28940880

Positions:

• chr11-89178569-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 14 ACMG points: 14P and 0B. PM2 PM5 PP3_Moderate PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000372.5(TYR):​c.616G>A​(p.Ala206Thr) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000547 in 1,461,872 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. A206V) has been classified as Pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000055 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: TYR NM_000372.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:5 O:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.48

Genes affected

TYR (HGNC:12442): (tyrosinase) The enzyme encoded by this gene catalyzes the first 2 steps, and at least 1 subsequent step, in the conversion of tyrosine to melanin. The enzyme has both tyrosine hydroxylase and dopa oxidase catalytic activities, and requires copper for function. Mutations in this gene result in oculocutaneous albinism, and nonpathologic polymorphisms result in skin pigmentation variation. The human genome contains a pseudogene similar to the 3' half of this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

TYR (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 14 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr11-89178570-C-T is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.846
• PP5: Variant 11-89178569-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr11-89178569-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 3791.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr11-89178569-G-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic]. Variant chr11-89178569-G-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
TYR	NM_000372.5	c.616G>A	p.Ala206Thr	missense_variant	1/5	ENST00000263321.6	NP_000363.1
TYR	XM_011542970.3	c.616G>A	p.Ala206Thr	missense_variant	1/6		XP_011541272.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
TYR	ENST00000263321.6	c.616G>A	p.Ala206Thr	missense_variant	1/5	1	NM_000372.5	ENSP00000263321.4
TYR	ENST00000526139.1	n.677G>A		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	1/3	1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251398 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 135874

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00000879

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000547 AC: 8 AN: 1461872 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.00000550 AC XY: 4 AN XY: 727236

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.0000299

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000629

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ExAC AF: 0.00000824 AC: 1

EpiCase AF: 0.0000545

EpiControl AF: 0.00

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:5 Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Tyrosinase-negative oculocutaneous albinism Pathogenic:3

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago	Jun 11, 2015	- -
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Genome-Nilou Lab	Jul 22, 2021	- -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	literature only	OMIM	Feb 01, 1991	- -

not provided Pathogenic:1 Other:1

not provided, no classification provided	literature only	Retina International	-	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Apr 14, 2023	This variant is present in population databases (rs28940880, gnomAD 0.0009%). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects TYR function (PMID: 1429711, 9242509, 11284711). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt TYR protein function. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 3791). This missense change has been observed in individuals with oculocutaneous albinism (PMID: 18463683, 20861488, 27734839). This sequence change replaces alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, with threonine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 206 of the TYR protein (p.Ala206Thr). -

SKIN/HAIR/EYE PIGMENTATION 3, LIGHT/DARK SKIN Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Baylor Genetics

Mar 27, 2024

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.41
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.35	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.27
CADD	Uncertain	25
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.95	D
Eigen	Uncertain	0.32
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.50
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.98	D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.24	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.85	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	0.87	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.2	M
PrimateAI	Benign	0.38	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.3	D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.61
Sift	Uncertain	0.0020	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0040	D
Polyphen		0.016	B
Vest4		0.68
MVP		0.99
MPC		0.024
ClinPred		0.98	D
GERP RS		6.1
Varity_R		0.72
gMVP		0.92

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs28940880; hg19: chr11-88911737;