rs35110389

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM1PM2PM5

The NM_000275.3(OCA2):c.1679G>T(p.Arg560Leu) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000124 in 1,612,968 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R560C) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

OCA2
NM_000275.3 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 5.62

Variant links:

Genes affected

OCA2 (HGNC:8101): (OCA2 melanosomal transmembrane protein) This gene encodes the human homolog of the mouse p (pink-eyed dilution) gene. The encoded protein is believed to be an integral membrane protein involved in small molecule transport, specifically tyrosine, which is a precursor to melanin synthesis. It is involved in mammalian pigmentation, where it may control skin color variation and act as a determinant of brown or blue eye color. Mutations in this gene result in type 2 oculocutaneous albinism. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

OCA2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 6 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 6 uncertain in NM_000275.3

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr15-27957693-C-G is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
OCA2	NM_000275.3 linkuse as main transcript	c.1679G>T	p.Arg560Leu	missense_variant	16/24	ENST00000354638.8

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
OCA2	ENST00000354638.8 linkuse as main transcript	c.1679G>T	p.Arg560Leu	missense_variant	16/24	1	NM_000275.3	P1	Q04671-1
OCA2	ENST00000353809.9 linkuse as main transcript	c.1607G>T	p.Arg536Leu	missense_variant	15/23	1			Q04671-2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152166

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

6.85e-7

AC:

AN:

1460802

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

726722

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

8.99e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152166

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

74330

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Mar 23, 2022

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt OCA2 protein function. This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with OCA2-related conditions. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 560 of the OCA2 protein (p.Arg560Leu). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Uncertain

0.53

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.32

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.22

Cadd

Uncertain

Dann

Uncertain

1.0

Eigen

Benign

0.018

Eigen_PC

Benign

0.16

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.88

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.95

D;D

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.085

MetaRNN

Uncertain

0.69

D;D

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.16

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

D;D;D

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.68

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-4.0

D;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.65

Sift

Benign

0.068

T;T

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.037

D;D

Polyphen

0.053

B;B

Vest4

0.74

MutPred

0.45

.;Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0299);

MVP

0.99

MPC

0.36

ClinPred

0.99

GERP RS

4.9

Varity_R

0.44

gMVP

0.71

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over