rs369221781

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -3 ACMG points: 1P and 4B. PP2BP4_Strong

The NM_005518.4(HMGCS2):c.71C>T(p.Thr24Ile) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000108 in 1,613,958 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 17/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000079 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00011 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

HMGCS2
NM_005518.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 0.184

Publications

0 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

HMGCS2 (HGNC:5008): (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2) The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the HMG-CoA synthase family. It is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the first reaction of ketogenesis, a metabolic pathway that provides lipid-derived energy for various organs during times of carbohydrate deprivation, such as fasting. Mutations in this gene are associated with HMG-CoA synthase deficiency. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

HMGCS2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase deficiency
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), PanelApp Australia, Orphanet, ClinGen, G2P

HMGCS2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -3 ACMG points.

PP2

Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 13 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 1 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: -0.19124 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 0.52753 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase deficiency.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.06324172).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
HMGCS2	NM_005518.4 link	c.71C>T	p.Thr24Ile	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 10	ENST00000369406.8	NP_005509.1	P54868-1A0A140VJL2
HMGCS2	NM_001166107.1 link	c.71C>T	p.Thr24Ile	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 9		NP_001159579.1	P54868-2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
HMGCS2	ENST00000369406.8 link	c.71C>T	p.Thr24Ile	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 10	1	NM_005518.4	ENSP00000358414.3		P54868-1
HMGCS2	ENST00000544913.2 link	c.71C>T	p.Thr24Ile	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 9	2		ENSP00000439495.2		P54868-2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000788

AC:

AN:

152206

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000169

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000735

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000518

AC:

AN:

251120

AF XY:

0.0000589

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.000123

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000881

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.000111

AC:

162

AN:

1461752

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000880

AC XY:

AN XY:

727194

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33472

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26134

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39698

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0000116

AC:

AN:

86256

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53412

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000142

AC:

158

AN:

1111900

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000497

AC:

AN:

60388

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.478

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000788

AC:

AN:

152206

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000269

AC XY:

AN XY:

74362

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000169

AC:

AN:

41446

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15276

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5196

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4828

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10628

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000735

AC:

AN:

68040

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2092

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.521

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.000113

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000831

TwinsUK

AF:

0.000270

AC:

ALSPAC

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000116

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000412

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.00

EpiControl

AF:

0.000119

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase deficiency

Uncertain:1

Apr 26, 2018

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Align-GVGD) all suggest that this variant is likely to be tolerated, but these predictions have not been confirmed by published functional studies and their clinical significance is uncertain. This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals with HMGCS2-related disease. This variant is present in population databases (rs369221781, ExAC 0.02%). This sequence change replaces threonine with isoleucine at codon 24 of the HMGCS2 protein (p.Thr24Ile). The threonine residue is weakly conserved and there is a moderate physicochemical difference between threonine and isoleucine. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.068

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.26

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.37

CADD

Benign

6.2

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.97

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.17

T;.

Eigen

Benign

-0.98

Eigen_PC

Benign

-0.94

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.035

LIST_S2

Benign

0.64

T;T

M_CAP

Benign

0.013

MetaRNN

Benign

0.063

T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.74

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.0

N;N

PhyloP100

0.18

PrimateAI

Benign

0.33

PROVEAN

Benign

-0.50

N;N

REVEL

Benign

0.22

Sift

Benign

0.15

T;T

Sift4G

Benign

0.43

T;T

Polyphen

0.0

B;.

Vest4

0.086

MVP

0.83

MPC

0.11

ClinPred

0.011

GERP RS

2.1

PromoterAI

0.038

Neutral

(source)

Varity_R

0.040

gMVP

0.30

Mutation Taster

=98/2

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over