rs371963034

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 10 ACMG points: 10P and 0B. PVS1_ModeratePP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000275.3(OCA2):c.1182+1G>A variant causes a splice donor, intron change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000273 in 1,613,806 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00013 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000016 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

OCA2
NM_000275.3 splice_donor, intron

Scores

Splicing: ADA: 1.000

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:11

Conservation

PhyloP100: 6.96

Publications

6 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

OCA2 (HGNC:8101): (OCA2 melanosomal transmembrane protein) This gene encodes the human homolog of the mouse p (pink-eyed dilution) gene. The encoded protein is believed to be an integral membrane protein involved in small molecule transport, specifically tyrosine, which is a precursor to melanin synthesis. It is involved in mammalian pigmentation, where it may control skin color variation and act as a determinant of brown or blue eye color. Mutations in this gene result in type 2 oculocutaneous albinism. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

OCA2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

oculocutaneous albinism type 2
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, Ambry Genetics, G2P, ClinGen

OCA2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 10 ACMG points.

PVS1

Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, product NOT destroyed by NMD, known LOF gene, truncates exone, which is 0.026221693 fraction of the gene. Cryptic splice site detected, with MaxEntScore 5.4, offset of 42, new splice context is: gcgGTaacc. Cryptic site results in inframe change. If cryptic site found is not functional and variant results in exon loss, it results in inframe change.

PP5

Variant 15-27989600-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr15-27989600-C-T is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 436099.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
OCA2	NM_000275.3 link	c.1182+1G>A		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 11 of 23	ENST00000354638.8	NP_000266.2	Q04671-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
OCA2	ENST00000354638.8 link	c.1182+1G>A		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 11 of 23	1	NM_000275.3	ENSP00000346659.3		Q04671-1
OCA2	ENST00000353809.9 link	c.1110+1G>A		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 10 of 22	1		ENSP00000261276.8		Q04671-2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000131

AC:

AN:

152180

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000459

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.000193

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000478

AC:

AN:

251298

AF XY:

0.0000442

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.000616

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000578

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000164

AC:

AN:

1461508

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000124

AC XY:

AN XY:

727068

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000598

AC:

AN:

33470

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000447

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26130

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.0000252

AC:

AN:

39696

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86234

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53420

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.000174

AC:

AN:

5754

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

1111688

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60392

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.469

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000131

AC:

AN:

152298

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000134

AC XY:

AN XY:

74472

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000457

AC:

AN:

41552

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15308

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3470

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000193

AC:

AN:

5168

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4824

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10630

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68026

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2114

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.487

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.000198

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000185

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.000908

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000906

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:11

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Tyrosinase-positive oculocutaneous albinism

Pathogenic:4

Nov 07, 2021

Genome-Nilou Lab

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jul 12, 2022

MGZ Medical Genetics Center

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Apr 14, 2017

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Juno Genomics, Hangzhou Juno Genomics, Inc

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

PVS1_Moderate+PM2_Supporting+PM3_VeryStrong+PP4 -

not provided

Pathogenic:4

Dec 24, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change affects a donor splice site in intron 11 of the OCA2 gene. It is expected to disrupt RNA splicing. Variants that disrupt the donor or acceptor splice site typically lead to a loss of protein function (PMID: 16199547), and loss-of-function variants in OCA2 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 19865097, 21541274). This variant is present in population databases (rs371963034, gnomAD 0.06%). Disruption of this splice site has been observed in individuals with oculocutaneous albinism (PMID: 28976636, 31077556). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 436099). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

May 01, 2024

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

OCA2: PM3:Very Strong, PVS1:Strong, PM2 -

Aug 14, 2019

Revvity Omics, Revvity

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Apr 13, 2023

GeneDx

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Canonical splice site variant predicted to result in an in-frame deletion of exon 11; Deletions involving coding exons in this gene are frequently reported as pathogenic, regardless of frame prediction (HGMD); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 25525159, 28976636, 31196117, 31229681, 34838614, 31077556, 21458243) -

SKIN/HAIR/EYE PIGMENTATION 1, BLUE/NONBLUE EYES

Pathogenic:1

Mar 07, 2024

Baylor Genetics

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

OCA2-related disorder

Pathogenic:1

Apr 18, 2024

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

The OCA2 c.1182+1G>A variant is predicted to disrupt the GT donor site and interfere with normal splicing. This variant has been reported in the homozygous and compound heterozygous states in individuals with oculocutaneous albinism (Marti et al. 2018. PubMed ID: 28976636; Zhong et al. 2019. PubMed ID: 31077556). This variant is reported in 0.056% of alleles in individuals of African descent in gnomAD. Variants that disrupt the consensus splice donor site in OCA2 are expected to be pathogenic, and this variant has been classified as pathogenic by multiple independent submitters to the ClinVar database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/436099/). Given all the evidence, we interpret c.1182+1G>A as pathogenic. -

Tyrosinase-positive oculocutaneous albinism;C1856895:SKIN/HAIR/EYE PIGMENTATION 1, BLUE/NONBLUE EYES

Pathogenic:1

Feb 06, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.37

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.33

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

Eigen

Pathogenic

1.1

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.97

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.93

PhyloP100

7.0

GERP RS

5.0

Mutation Taster

=0/100

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

dbscSNV1_ADA

Pathogenic

1.0

dbscSNV1_RF

Pathogenic

0.94

SpliceAI score (max)

0.99

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

DS_DG_spliceai

0.81

Position offset: -41

DS_DL_spliceai

0.99

Position offset: 1

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

You must be logged in to view publications. This limit was set because tens of millions (!) of queries from AI bots are generated daily.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over