rs373114291

Variant names:

Your query was ambiguous. Multiple possible variants found:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points: 2P and 3B. PM1BP4_ModerateBP6

The NM_000535.7(PMS2):c.1420G>T(p.Ala474Ser) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000973 in 1,614,034 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 16/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. A474V) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000013 ( 0 hom., cov: 31)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00011 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

PMS2
NM_000535.7 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:9B:3

Conservation

PhyloP100: -0.123

Publications

8 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

PMS2 (HGNC:9122): (PMS1 homolog 2, mismatch repair system component) The protein encoded by this gene is a key component of the mismatch repair system that functions to correct DNA mismatches and small insertions and deletions that can occur during DNA replication and homologous recombination. This protein forms heterodimers with the gene product of the mutL homolog 1 (MLH1) gene to form the MutL-alpha heterodimer. The MutL-alpha heterodimer possesses an endonucleolytic activity that is activated following recognition of mismatches and insertion/deletion loops by the MutS-alpha and MutS-beta heterodimers, and is necessary for removal of the mismatched DNA. There is a DQHA(X)2E(X)4E motif found at the C-terminus of the protein encoded by this gene that forms part of the active site of the nuclease. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC; also known as Lynch syndrome) and Turcot syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2016]

PMS2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

Lynch syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Orphanet
Lynch syndrome 4
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Genomics England PanelApp
mismatch repair cancer syndrome 1
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Orphanet
mismatch repair cancer syndrome 4
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
malignant pancreatic neoplasm
Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
ovarian cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
Muir-Torre syndrome
Inheritance: AR Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
rhabdomyosarcoma
Inheritance: AR Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
breast cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
prostate cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
hereditary breast carcinoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

PMS2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 14 benign, 37 uncertain in NM_000535.7

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.07102516).

BP6

Variant 7-5987345-C-A is Benign according to our data. Variant chr7-5987345-C-A is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 135937.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PMS2	NM_000535.7 link	c.1420G>T	p.Ala474Ser	missense_variant	Exon 11 of 15	ENST00000265849.12	NP_000526.2	P54278-1Q7Z3Q2B4DGM0

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PMS2	ENST00000265849.12 link	c.1420G>T	p.Ala474Ser	missense_variant	Exon 11 of 15	1	NM_000535.7	ENSP00000265849.7		P54278-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000131

AC:

AN:

152148

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000294

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000239

AC:

AN:

251492

AF XY:

0.0000221

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000527

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.000106

AC:

155

AN:

1461886

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000100

AC XY:

AN XY:

727246

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86256

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53420

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000135

AC:

150

AN:

1112006

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000828

AC:

AN:

60396

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.493

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000131

AC:

AN:

152148

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74320

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41440

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15256

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5190

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4820

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10616

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000294

AC:

AN:

68036

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2090

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.475

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.0000170

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000227

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000116

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000165

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.00

EpiControl

AF:

0.0000593

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:9Benign:3

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2Benign:1

Jul 20, 2021

Sema4, Sema4

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:curation

- -

Jun 27, 2018

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Jan 29, 2024

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This missense variant replaces alanine with serine at codon 474 of the PMS2 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been performed for this variant. This variant has been reported in individuals affected with Lynch syndrome-associated cancer and/or polyps (PMID: 25980754), breast cancer (PMID: 29286535, 33471991), osteosarcoma (PMID: 26580448), as well as in healthy control individuals (PMID: 33471991). This variant has also been identified in 6/251492 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

not provided

Uncertain:2

Apr 16, 2025

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

In silico analysis indicates that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; Observed in individuals with a history of a Lynch syndrome-associated tumor and/or polyps, breast cancer, and other cancers (PMID: 29286535, 33471991, 25980754, 26580448); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 25980754, 26580448, 29286535, 33471991) -

Feb 23, 2024

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The PMS2 c.1420G>T (p.Ala474Ser) variant has been reported in the published literature in individuals with Lynch syndrome-associated polyps and/or cancer (PMID: 25980754 (2015)), osteosarcoma (PMID: 26580448 (2015)), breast cancer (PMIDs: 29286535 (2018), 33471991 (2021)), as well as in reportedly healthy individuals (PMID: 33471991 (2021), see also LOVD (http://databases.lovd.nl/shared/)). The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.000053 (6/113768 chromosomes (Genome Aggregation Database, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org)), is uninformative in the assessment of its pathogenicity. Analysis of this variant using bioinformatics tools for the prediction of the effect of amino acid changes on protein structure and function yielded predictions that this variant is benign. Based on the available information, we are unable to determine the clinical significance of this variant. -

Lynch syndrome 4

Uncertain:2

Sep 09, 2021

St. Jude Molecular Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The PMS2 c.1420G>T (p.Ala474Ser) missense change has a maximum subpopulation frequency of 0.0053% in gnomAD v2.1.1 (https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/7-6026976-C-A). This variant is located in exon 11 of the PMS2 gene and data in this region are not considered reliable due to high pseudogene homology. This variant has been reported in an individual with a history of Lynch syndrome-associated cancer and/or polyps (PMID: 25980754) and in an individual with a breast cancer and a family history of breast and other cancers (PMID: 29286535). Five of six in silico tools predict a benign effect of this variant on protein function (BP4), but to our knowledge these predictions have not been confirmed by functional assays. In summary, this variant meets criteria to be classified as of uncertain significance based on the ACMG/AMP criteria: BP4. Due to high pseudogene homology in this region, variant confirmation by an orthogonal method (e.g. long range PCR) is recommended. -

Nov 11, 2024

Molecular Pathology, Peter Maccallum Cancer Centre

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Lynch syndrome

Uncertain:1Benign:1

Feb 05, 2024

All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Nov 20, 2024

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

not specified

Uncertain:1

Jan 20, 2022

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: PMS2 c.1420G>T (p.Ala474Ser) results in a conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 2.4e-05 in 251492 control chromosomes (gnomAD). The available data on variant occurrences in the general population are insufficient to allow any conclusion about variant significance. c.1420G>T has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with Lynch Syndrome, Breast cancer or Osteosarcoma as well as in healthy controls (Yurgelun_2015, Zhang_2015, Blount_2018, Dorling_2021). These reports do not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Lynch Syndrome. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Five ClinVar submitters (evaluation after 2014) cite the variant as uncertain significance (n=3) and likely benign (n=2). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -

Breast and/or ovarian cancer

Uncertain:1

Jun 14, 2021

CHEO Genetics Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms

Benign:1

Dec 19, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.076

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.33

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.55

CADD

Benign

0.053

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.31

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.057

T;.;.;.;.

Eigen

Benign

-1.0

Eigen_PC

Benign

-1.0

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.13

LIST_S2

Benign

0.39

T;T;.;T;.

M_CAP

Benign

0.012

MetaRNN

Benign

0.071

T;T;T;T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.70

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.49

N;.;.;.;.

PhyloP100

-0.12

PrimateAI

Benign

0.20

PROVEAN

Benign

0.26

N;N;.;.;.

REVEL

Benign

0.16

Sift

Benign

0.80

T;T;.;.;.

Sift4G

Benign

0.76

T;T;.;.;.

Polyphen

0.054

B;B;.;.;B

Vest4

0.17

MVP

0.45

MPC

0.036

ClinPred

0.019

GERP RS

2.1

Varity_R

0.042

gMVP

0.23

Mutation Taster

=98/2

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.010

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over