rs375978379

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points: 3P and 1B. PP2PP3_ModerateBS1_Supporting

The NM_181458.4(PAX3):c.561C>G(p.Ser187Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000209 in 1,614,222 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000085 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00022 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

PAX3
NM_181458.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:4

Conservation

PhyloP100: 2.76

Publications

1 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

PAX3 (HGNC:8617): (paired box 3) This gene is a member of the paired box (PAX) family of transcription factors. Members of the PAX family typically contain a paired box domain and a paired-type homeodomain. These genes play critical roles during fetal development. Mutations in paired box gene 3 are associated with Waardenburg syndrome, craniofacial-deafness-hand syndrome, and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. The translocation t(2;13)(q35;q14), which represents a fusion between PAX3 and the forkhead gene, is a frequent finding in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Alternative splicing results in transcripts encoding isoforms with different C-termini. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PAX3 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

craniofacial-deafness-hand syndrome
Inheritance: AD, Unknown Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE, LIMITED Submitted by: Orphanet, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
Waardenburg syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
Waardenburg syndrome type 1
Inheritance: AR, AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: PanelApp Australia, G2P, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
Waardenburg syndrome type 3
Inheritance: AR, AD Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE, LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)

PAX3 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points.

PP2

Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 47 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 9 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 1.618 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 1.7934 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to Waardenburg syndrome type 3, Waardenburg syndrome type 1, Waardenburg syndrome, craniofacial-deafness-hand syndrome.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.894

BS1

Variant frequency is greater than expected in population nfe. GnomAdExome4 allele frequency = 0.000222 (324/1461890) while in subpopulation NFE AF = 0.000287 (319/1112010). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.000261. There are 0 homozygotes in GnomAdExome4. There are 150 alleles in the male GnomAdExome4 subpopulation. Median coverage is 35. This position passed quality control check. Existence of Clinvar submissions makes me limit the strength of this signal to Supporting

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_181458.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein
PAX3	NM_181458.4	MANE Select	c.561C>G	p.Ser187Arg	missense	Exon 4 of 9	NP_852123.1
PAX3	NM_181459.4		c.561C>G	p.Ser187Arg	missense	Exon 4 of 10	NP_852124.1
PAX3	NM_001127366.3		c.558C>G	p.Ser186Arg	missense	Exon 4 of 9	NP_001120838.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein
PAX3	ENST00000392070.7	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.561C>G	p.Ser187Arg	missense	Exon 4 of 9	ENSP00000375922.3
PAX3	ENST00000409551.7	TSL:1	c.558C>G	p.Ser186Arg	missense	Exon 4 of 9	ENSP00000386750.3
PAX3	ENST00000336840.11	TSL:1	c.561C>G	p.Ser187Arg	missense	Exon 4 of 9	ENSP00000338767.5

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000854

AC:

AN:

152214

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000191

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000835

AC:

AN:

251494

AF XY:

0.0000662

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.000176

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000163

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.000222

AC:

324

AN:

1461890

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000206

AC XY:

150

AN XY:

727248

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000597

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86258

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53418

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000287

AC:

319

AN:

1112010

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000497

AC:

AN:

60396

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.465

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

100

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000853

AC:

AN:

152332

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000537

AC XY:

AN XY:

74498

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41566

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15312

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5178

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4824

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10624

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000191

AC:

AN:

68034

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2116

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.517

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.000156

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000945

TwinsUK

AF:

0.000270

AC:

ALSPAC

AF:

0.000259

AC:

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000116

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000659

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.000164

EpiControl

AF:

0.000237

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:4

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:2

Sep 12, 2024

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge

Nov 18, 2021

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces serine, which is neutral and polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 187 of the PAX3 protein (p.Ser187Arg). This variant is present in population databases (rs375978379, gnomAD 0.02%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with PAX3-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 229126). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function are either unavailable or do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change (SIFT: "Deleterious"; PolyPhen-2: "Possibly Damaging"; Align-GVGD: "Class C15"). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance.

not specified

Uncertain:1

Apr 22, 2015

Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The p.Ser187Arg variant in PAX3 has not been previously reported in individuals with hearing loss, but has been identified in 8/66740 of European chromosomes by the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC, http://exac.broadinstitute.org; dbSNP r s375978379). Computational prediction tools and conservation analyses suggest th at the p.Ser187Arg variant may impact the protein, though this information is no t predictive enough to determine pathogenicity. In summary, the clinical signifi cance of the p.Ser187Arg variant is uncertain.

Inborn genetic diseases

Uncertain:1

Apr 11, 2023

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The c.561C>G (p.S187R) alteration is located in exon 4 (coding exon 4) of the PAX3 gene. This alteration results from a C to G substitution at nucleotide position 561, causing the serine (S) at amino acid position 187 to be replaced by an arginine (R). Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

1.0

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.25

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.41

CADD

Uncertain

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.78

Eigen

Uncertain

0.40

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.36

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.97

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

0.99

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.75

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.89

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.1

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.9

PhyloP100

2.8

PrimateAI

Pathogenic

0.87

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-4.2

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.84

Sift

Benign

0.040

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.0070

Polyphen

0.95

Vest4

0.75

MutPred

0.34

Loss of phosphorylation at S187 (P = 0.0044)

MVP

0.96

MPC

1.1

ClinPred

0.72

GERP RS

3.9

Varity_R

0.68

gMVP

0.64

Mutation Taster

=19/81

disease causing

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Variant Effect in Transcripts

RefSeq Transcripts

Ensembl Transcripts

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over