rs376427383

chr19-10366457-G-Achr19-10366457-G-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -2 ACMG points: 2P and 4B. PM2 BP4_Strong

The NM_003331.5(TYK2):c.589C>T(p.Arg197Cys) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000564 in 1,613,982 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 14/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R197H) has been classified as Benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.00011 (0 hom., cov: 31)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000051 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: TYK2 NM_003331.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -0.675

Genes affected

TYK2 (HGNC:12440): (tyrosine kinase 2) This gene encodes a member of the tyrosine kinase and, more specifically, the Janus kinases (JAKs) protein families. This protein associates with the cytoplasmic domain of type I and type II cytokine receptors and promulgate cytokine signals by phosphorylating receptor subunits. It is also a component of both the type I and type III interferon signaling pathways. As such, it may play a role in anti-viral immunity. A mutation in this gene has been associated with Immunodeficiency 35. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2020]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.045755863).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
TYK2	NM_003331.5	c.589C>T	p.Arg197Cys	missense_variant	6/25	ENST00000525621.6

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
TYK2	ENST00000525621.6	c.589C>T	p.Arg197Cys	missense_variant	6/25	1	NM_003331.5	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.000112 AC: 17 AN: 152114 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.000193

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.000393

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.0000441

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.000103 AC: 26 AN: 251432 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.000110 AC XY: 15 AN XY: 135886

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.000123

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.000145

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.0000544

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.000261

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.0000791

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.000163

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000506 AC: 74 AN: 1461868 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.0000578 AC XY: 42 AN XY: 727228

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.000209

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.000134

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.0000504

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.000209

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.0000306

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.0000497

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.000112 AC: 17 AN: 152114 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.000135 AC XY: 10 AN XY: 74312

Gnomad4 AFR AF: 0.000193

Gnomad4 AMR AF: 0.000393

Gnomad4 ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE AF: 0.0000441

Gnomad4 OTH AF: 0.00

Alfa AF: 0.0000572 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.0000982

ESP6500AA AF: 0.000681 AC: 3

ESP6500EA AF: 0.00 AC: 0

ExAC AF: 0.000123 AC: 15

EpiCase AF: 0.000109

EpiControl AF: 0.000119

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Immunodeficiency 35 Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina	Jan 13, 2018	This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score, this variant could not be ruled out of causing disease and therefore its association with disease required further investigation. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (if applicable). No publications were found based on this search. This variant was therefore classified as a variant of unknown significance for this disease. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Aug 10, 2022	This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with cysteine, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 197 of the TYK2 protein (p.Arg197Cys). This variant is present in population databases (rs376427383, gnomAD 0.03%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with TYK2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 571990). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function output the following: SIFT: "Not Available"; PolyPhen-2: "Benign"; Align-GVGD: "Not Available". The cysteine amino acid residue is found in multiple mammalian species, which suggests that this missense change does not adversely affect protein function. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

TYK2-related disorder Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Nov 27, 2023

The TYK2 c.589C>T variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Arg197Cys. To our knowledge, this variant has not been reported in the literature. This variant is reported in 0.026% of alleles in individuals of South Asian descent in gnomAD. At this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.071
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.40	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.51
Cadd	Benign	5.0
Dann	Benign	0.90
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.32	T;T;T;.
Eigen	Benign	-1.5
Eigen_PC	Benign	-1.6
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.070	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.52	T;T;.;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.020	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.046	T;T;T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.97	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	-0.52	N;.;N;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	N;N;N;N
PrimateAI	Benign	0.19	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-2.2	N;D;N;N
REVEL	Benign	0.076
Sift	Benign	0.16	T;T;T;T
Sift4G	Benign	0.15	T;T;T;T
Polyphen		0.0010	B;.;B;B
Vest4		0.10
MVP		0.45
MPC		0.36
ClinPred		0.011	T
GERP RS		-7.4
Varity_R		0.092
gMVP		0.098

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs376427383; hg19: chr19-10477133;