rs376613525

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -3 ACMG points: 1P and 4B. PP3BS2

The NM_004655.4(AXIN2):c.2141+4A>G variant causes a splice donor region, intron change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000934 in 1,606,446 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000096 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

AXIN2
NM_004655.4 splice_donor_region, intron

Scores

Splicing: ADA: 0.9983

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:4

Conservation

PhyloP100: 2.00

Variant links:

Genes affected

AXIN2 (HGNC:904): (axin 2) The Axin-related protein, Axin2, presumably plays an important role in the regulation of the stability of beta-catenin in the Wnt signaling pathway, like its rodent homologs, mouse conductin/rat axil. In mouse, conductin organizes a multiprotein complex of APC (adenomatous polyposis of the colon), beta-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta, and conductin, which leads to the degradation of beta-catenin. Apparently, the deregulation of beta-catenin is an important event in the genesis of a number of malignancies. The AXIN2 gene has been mapped to 17q23-q24, a region that shows frequent loss of heterozygosity in breast cancer, neuroblastoma, and other tumors. Mutations in this gene have been associated with colorectal cancer with defective mismatch repair. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

AXIN2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -3 ACMG points.

PP3

Splicing scoreres supports a deletorius effect: Scorers claiming Pathogenic: dbscSNV1_ADA, dbscSNV1_RF, max_spliceai. No scorers claiming Uncertain. No scorers claiming Benign.

BS2

High AC in GnomAdExome at 9 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
AXIN2	NM_004655.4 linkuse as main transcript	c.2141+4A>G		splice_donor_region_variant, intron_variant		ENST00000307078.10

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	Effect	TSL	MANE	Appris
AXIN2	ENST00000307078.10 linkuse as main transcript	c.2141+4A>G	splice_donor_region_variant, intron_variant	1	NM_004655.4	P1
AXIN2	ENST00000375702.5 linkuse as main transcript	c.1946+4A>G	splice_donor_region_variant, intron_variant	1
AXIN2	ENST00000618960.4 linkuse as main transcript	c.1946+4A>G	splice_donor_region_variant, intron_variant	5
AXIN2	ENST00000578251.1 linkuse as main transcript	n.363+4A>G	splice_donor_region_variant, intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant	3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152214

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000392

AC:

AN:

229390

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000481

AC XY:

AN XY:

124752

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.000137

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.000101

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000199

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000176

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000963

AC:

AN:

1454232

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000125

AC XY:

AN XY:

722828

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.0000471

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.0000381

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00000721

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152214

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000134

AC XY:

AN XY:

74368

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.0000579

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000302

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:4

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Oligodontia-cancer predisposition syndrome

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Jan 11, 2024

This sequence change falls in intron 8 of the AXIN2 gene. It does not directly change the encoded amino acid sequence of the AXIN2 protein. It affects a nucleotide within the consensus splice site. This variant is present in population databases (rs376613525, gnomAD 0.01%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with AXIN2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 419353). Variants that disrupt the consensus splice site are a relatively common cause of aberrant splicing (PMID: 17576681, 9536098). Studies have shown that this variant is associated with inconclusive levels of altered splicing (Invitae). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Oct 10, 2022

In silico analysis supports a deleterious effect on splicing; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Apr 12, 2023

The c.2141+4A>G intronic variant results from an A to G substitution 4 nucleotides after coding exon 7 in the AXIN2 gene. This nucleotide position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In silico splice site analysis predicts that this alteration will result in the creation or strengthening of a novel splice donor site; however, direct evidence is insufficient at this time (Ambry internal data). Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

AXIN2-related disorder

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Oct 09, 2023

The AXIN2 c.2141+4A>G variant is predicted to interfere with splicing. To our knowledge, this variant has not been reported in the literature. This variant is reported in 0.014% of alleles in individuals of South Asian descent in gnomAD (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-63532434-T-C). It is interpreted as uncertain significance in ClinVar (https://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/419353/). At this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.44

Cadd

Pathogenic

Dann

Benign

0.94

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

dbscSNV1_ADA

Pathogenic

1.0

dbscSNV1_RF

Pathogenic

0.92

SpliceAI score (max)

0.64

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

DS_DG_spliceai

0.64

Position offset: 27

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over