rs377022708

Positions:

chr3-128910051-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 14 ACMG points: 14P and 0B. PM2PP3_StrongPP5_Very_Strong

The NM_014049.5(ACAD9):c.1594C>T(p.Arg532Trp) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000235 in 1,613,724 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. R532R) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000025 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

ACAD9
NM_014049.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:5

Conservation

PhyloP100: 2.28

Variant links:

Genes affected

ACAD9 (HGNC:21497): (acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 9) This gene encodes a member of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. Members of this family of proteins localize to the mitochondria and catalyze the rate-limiting step in the beta-oxidation of fatty acyl-CoA. The encoded protein is specifically active toward palmitoyl-CoA and long-chain unsaturated substrates. Mutations in this gene cause acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member type 9 deficiency. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010]

ACAD9 links:

CFAP92 (HGNC:29231): (cilia and flagella associated protein 92 (putative))

CFAP92 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 14 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.969

PP5

Variant 3-128910051-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr3-128910051-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 30884.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
ACAD9	NM_014049.5 linkuse as main transcript	c.1594C>T	p.Arg532Trp	missense_variant	16/18	ENST00000308982.12	NP_054768.2
CFAP92	NM_001394090.1 linkuse as main transcript	c.*248G>A		3_prime_UTR_variant	16/16	ENST00000645291.3	NP_001381019.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
ACAD9	ENST00000308982.12 linkuse as main transcript	c.1594C>T	p.Arg532Trp	missense_variant	16/18	1	NM_014049.5	ENSP00000312618	P1
CFAP92	ENST00000645291.3 linkuse as main transcript	c.*248G>A		3_prime_UTR_variant	16/16		NM_001394090.1	ENSP00000496592	P2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152178

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000253

AC:

AN:

1461546

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000261

AC XY:

AN XY:

727046

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.0000224

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.0000252

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.0000116

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.0000297

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.0000166

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152178

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

74336

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Bravo

AF:

0.0000113

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000116

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.00000824

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.0000545

EpiControl

AF:

0.00

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase 9 deficiency

Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Baylor Genetics	Mar 04, 2024	- -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	literature only	OMIM	Apr 01, 2012	- -

not provided

Pathogenic:2

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Mar 04, 2016	The R532W variant in the ACAD9 gene has been reported previously as a homozygous mutation in a consanguineous family. Affected individuals presented with easy fatigability and exercise intolerance (Gerards et al., 2011). Functional studies comparing wildtype and mutant ACAD9 indicate the R532W variant is unable to restore complex 1 activity in mutant cell lines (Gerards et al., 2011). The R532W variant was not observed with any significant frequency in approximately 6500 individuals of European and African American ancestry in the NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project, indicating it is not a common benign variant in these populations. The R532W variant is a non-conservative amino acid substitution, which is likely to impact secondary protein structure as these residues differ in polarity, charge, size and/or other properties. This substitution occurs at a position that is moderately conserved across species. In silico analysis predicts this variant is probably damaging to the protein structure/function, supporting the functional importance of this region of the protein. The R532W variant is a good candidate for a disease-causing mutation, however the possibility it may be a rare benign variant cannot be excluded. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Dec 20, 2023	This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with tryptophan, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 532 of the ACAD9 protein (p.Arg532Trp). This variant is present in population databases (rs377022708, gnomAD 0.0009%). This missense change has been observed in individuals with complex I deficiency (PMID: 20929961, 22499348, 30025539). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 30884). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt ACAD9 protein function with a positive predictive value of 80%. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change does not substantially affect ACAD9 function (PMID: 25721401). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Mitochondrial complex I deficiency

Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Feb 21, 2022

Variant summary: ACAD9 c.1594C>T (p.Arg532Trp) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant was absent in 249762 control chromosomes. c.1594C>T has been reported in the literature in multiple individuals affected with Mitochondrial Complex I Deficiency, Nuclear Type 20. Experimental evidence shows the variant to exhibite ACAD9 activity indistinguishable from wild type, leading authors to suggest that mutations in ACAD9 lead to CI deficiency independent of their effects on ACAD enzyme activity (Schiff_2015). Two clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation. All laboratories classified the variant as pathogenic/likely pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Uncertain

0.43

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.57

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.18

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.71

Eigen

Uncertain

0.53

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.42

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.92

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

0.97

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.14

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.97

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.46

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

3.2

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

D;D;D;D

PrimateAI

Benign

0.34

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-7.1

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.75

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0010

Polyphen

1.0

Vest4

0.85

MVP

0.97

MPC

0.75

ClinPred

1.0

GERP RS

1.8

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.74

gMVP

0.91

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.010

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over