rs397514458

Positions:

• chr2-165992269-G-A
• chr2-165992269-G-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points: 12P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP3_Strong PP5

The NM_001165963.4(SCN1A):​c.5006C>T​(p.Ala1669Val) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. A1669E) has been classified as Pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: SCN1A NM_001165963.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:1 U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.82

Genes affected

SCN1A (HGNC:10585): (sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 1) Voltage-dependent sodium channels are heteromeric complexes that regulate sodium exchange between intracellular and extracellular spaces and are essential for the generation and propagation of action potentials in muscle cells and neurons. Each sodium channel is composed of a large pore-forming, glycosylated alpha subunit and two smaller beta subunits. This gene encodes a sodium channel alpha subunit, which has four homologous domains, each of which contains six transmembrane regions. Allelic variants of this gene are associated with generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures and epileptic encephalopathy. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. The RefSeq Project has decided to create four representative RefSeq records. Three of the transcript variants are supported by experimental evidence and the fourth contains alternate 5' untranslated exons, the exact combination of which have not been experimentally confirmed for the full-length transcript. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]

SCN1A-AS1 (HGNC:54069): (SCN1A and SCN9A antisense RNA 1)

LOC102724058 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 12 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 9 uncertain in NM_001165963.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr2-165992269-G-T is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 29883.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.
• PP2: Missense variant in gene, where missense usually causes diseases (based on misZ statistic), SCN1A. . Gene score misZ 5.2206 (greater than the threshold 3.09). Trascript score misZ 7.6022 (greater than threshold 3.09). GenCC has associacion of gene with migraine, familial hemiplegic, 3, familial hemiplegic migraine, Dravet syndrome, malignant migrating partial seizures of infancy, generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus, myoclonic-astatic epilepsy, developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 6, familial or sporadic hemiplegic migraine, arthrogryposis, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus, type 2.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.951
• PP5: Variant 2-165992269-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr2-165992269-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 839935.We mark this variant Likely_pathogenic, oryginal submissions are: {Likely_pathogenic=1, Uncertain_significance=1}.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
SCN1A	NM_001165963.4	c.5006C>T	p.Ala1669Val	missense_variant	29/29	ENST00000674923.1
LOC102724058	NR_110598.1	n.176-23344G>A		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
SCN1A	ENST00000674923.1	c.5006C>T	p.Ala1669Val	missense_variant	29/29		NM_001165963.4	P4
SCN1A-AS1	ENST00000651574.1	n.193-23344G>A		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1 Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Feb 28, 2024

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge; This substitution is predicted to be in the intracellular loop between the S4 and S5 transmembrane segments of the fourth homologous domain.; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 21555645) -

Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy with suppression bursts Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

May 04, 2019

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. This variant disrupts the p.Ala1669 amino acid residue in SCN1A. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 27113213). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Align-GVGD) all suggest that this variant is likely to be disruptive, but these predictions have not been confirmed by published functional studies and their clinical significance is uncertain. This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals with SCN1A-related conditions. This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This sequence change replaces alanine with valine at codon 1669 of the SCN1A protein (p.Ala1669Val). The alanine residue is highly conserved and there is a small physicochemical difference between alanine and valine. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.94
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.50	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.49
CADD	Uncertain	25
DANN	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.99	.;.;.;D;.;D;.;.;.
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.93
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.77
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.97	D;D;D;D;.;.;.;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.97	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.95	D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.0	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	4.4	.;.;.;H;.;H;.;.;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D;D;D
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.90	D
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.5	.;.;.;D;.;D;.;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.90
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	.;.;.;D;.;D;.;D;D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0010	.;.;.;D;.;D;.;D;D
Polyphen		1.0	.;.;.;.;D;.;D;D;.
Vest4		0.76, 0.75, 0.76, 0.88
MutPred		0.72		.;.;.;Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.3999);.;Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.3999);.;.;.;
MVP		0.98
MPC		1.8
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.3
Varity_R		0.77
gMVP		0.99

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs397514458; hg19: chr2-166848779; COSMIC: COSV57662010; COSMIC: COSV57662010;