rs397514716

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 12 ACMG points: 16P and 4B. PVS1PP5_Very_StrongBS2

The NM_001127217.3(SMAD9):c.880C>T(p.Arg294*) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000291 in 1,613,936 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000013 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000031 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

SMAD9
NM_001127217.3 stop_gained

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:5

Conservation

PhyloP100: 2.14

Publications

13 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

SMAD9 (HGNC:6774): (SMAD family member 9) The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the SMAD family, which transduces signals from TGF-beta family members. The encoded protein is activated by bone morphogenetic proteins and interacts with SMAD4. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Jan 2010]

SMAD9 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

pulmonary arterial hypertension
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
pulmonary hypertension, primary, 2
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, LIMITED Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics
heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

SMAD9 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 12 ACMG points.

PVS1

Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.

PP5

Variant 13-36865660-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr13-36865660-G-A is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 56970.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

BS2

High AC in GnomAdExome4 at 45 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
SMAD9	NM_001127217.3 link	c.880C>T	p.Arg294*	stop_gained	Exon 5 of 7	ENST00000379826.5	NP_001120689.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
SMAD9	ENST00000379826.5 link	c.880C>T	p.Arg294*	stop_gained	Exon 5 of 7	5	NM_001127217.3	ENSP00000369154.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000131

AC:

AN:

152110

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000294

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.00000398

AC:

AN:

251470

AF XY:

0.00000736

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000879

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000308

AC:

AN:

1461826

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000261

AC XY:

AN XY:

727228

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000299

AC:

AN:

33478

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26134

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39698

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0000116

AC:

AN:

86254

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53418

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000378

AC:

AN:

1111956

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000166

AC:

AN:

60396

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.488

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000131

AC:

AN:

152110

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74316

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41398

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15268

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5188

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4824

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10616

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000294

AC:

AN:

68024

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2092

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.500

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.0000274

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000302

ExAC

AF:

0.00000824

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Pulmonary hypertension, primary, 2

Pathogenic:4

Dec 15, 2011

OMIM

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:literature only

Jan 16, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Arg294*) in the SMAD9 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in SMAD9 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 19419974, 31727138). This variant is present in population databases (rs397514716, gnomAD 0.002%). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with clinical features of SMAD9-related conditions (PMID: 21920918, 29631995, 29650961). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 56970). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic.

Nov 15, 2019

Revvity Omics, Revvity

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Apr 03, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

not provided

Pathogenic:1

May 22, 2025

GeneDx

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Published functional studies demonstrate a primary defect in non-canonical SMAD-mediated microRNA processing, consistent with a loss-of-function effect on the protein (PMID: 21920918); Nonsense variant predicted to result in protein truncation or nonsense mediated decay in a gene for which loss of function is a known mechanism of disease; Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 25830521, 29650961, 29631995, 31727138, 35130036, 23590310, 21920918)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.61

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.63

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.0

.;.;.

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.82

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.63

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.92

LIST_S2

Benign

0.0

.;.;.

MetaRNN

Benign

0.0

.;.;.

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.0

.;.;.

PhyloP100

2.1

PROVEAN

Benign

0.0

.;.;.

REVEL

Benign

0.0

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

.;.;.

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

.;.;.

Vest4

0.97

GERP RS

3.4

Mutation Taster

=7/193

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over