rs398123232

Positions:

• chr2-47804984-TAG-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000179.3(MSH6):​c.3516_3517delAG​(p.Arg1172fs) variant causes a frameshift change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: MSH6 NM_000179.3 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:13
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.57

Genes affected

MSH6 (HGNC:7329): (mutS homolog 6) This gene encodes a member of the DNA mismatch repair MutS family. In E. coli, the MutS protein helps in the recognition of mismatched nucleotides prior to their repair. A highly conserved region of approximately 150 aa, called the Walker-A adenine nucleotide binding motif, exists in MutS homologs. The encoded protein heterodimerizes with MSH2 to form a mismatch recognition complex that functions as a bidirectional molecular switch that exchanges ADP and ATP as DNA mismatches are bound and dissociated. Mutations in this gene may be associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer, colorectal cancer, and endometrial cancer. Transcripts variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

FBXO11 (HGNC:13590): (F-box protein 11) This gene encodes a member of the F-box protein family which is characterized by an approximately 40 amino acid motif, the F-box. The F-box proteins constitute one of the four subunits of ubiquitin protein ligase complex called SCFs (SKP1-cullin-F-box), which function in phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination. The F-box proteins are divided into 3 classes: Fbws containing WD-40 domains, Fbls containing leucine-rich repeats, and Fbxs containing either different protein-protein interaction modules or no recognizable motifs. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the Fbxs class. It can function as an arginine methyltransferase that symmetrically dimethylates arginine residues, and it acts as an adaptor protein to mediate the neddylation of p53, which leads to the suppression of p53 function. This gene is known to be down-regulated in melanocytes from patients with vitiligo, a skin disorder that results in depigmentation. Polymorphisms in this gene are associated with chronic otitis media with effusion and recurrent otitis media (COME/ROM), a hearing loss disorder, and the knockout of the homologous mouse gene results in the deaf mouse mutant Jeff (Jf), a single gene model of otitis media. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]

MSH6 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 2-47804984-TAG-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr2-47804984-TAG-T is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 92578.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr2-47804984-TAG-T is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MSH6	NM_000179.3	c.3516_3517delAG	p.Arg1172fs	frameshift_variant	6/10	ENST00000234420.11	NP_000170.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MSH6	ENST00000234420.11	c.3516_3517delAG	p.Arg1172fs	frameshift_variant	6/10	1	NM_000179.3	ENSP00000234420.5

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

We have no GnomAD4 exomes data on this position. Probably position not covered by the project.

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:13

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Pathogenic:5

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano	Nov 28, 2022	This frameshift variant alters the translational reading frame of the MSH6 mRNA and causes the premature termination of MSH6 protein synthesis. It has not been reported in large, multi-ethnic general populations (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org). In the published literature, the variant has been reported in individuals with Lynch syndrome (PMID: 25980754 (2015)), colorectal cancer (PMID: 30877237 (2019)), ovarian cancer (PMID: 28888541 (2017)), and breast and/or ovarian cancer (PMID: 31159747 (2019)). Based on the available information, this variant is classified as pathogenic. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Skane University Hospital Lund	May 27, 2022	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)	Jan 21, 2013	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Jan 18, 2023	Frameshift variant predicted to result in protein truncation or nonsense mediated decay in a gene for which loss-of-function is a known mechanism of disease; Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); Truncating variants in this gene are considered pathogenic by a well-established clinical consortium and/or database; Observed in patients with Lynch-related cancers and tumor studies consistent with pathogenic variants in this gene (Baglietto et al., 2010; Graham et al., 2015; Yurgelun et al., 2015; Pearlman et al., 2019); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 31491536, 30877237, 20028993, 25980754, 26099011, 31159747, 30787465, 28888541) -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Mayo Clinic Laboratories, Mayo Clinic	Jan 27, 2023	PP4, PM2, PS4_moderate, PVS1 -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Pathogenic:3

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Apr 19, 2023	This variant deletes 2 nucleotides in exon 6 of the MSH6 gene, creating a frameshift and premature translation stop signal. This variant is expected to result in an absent or non-functional protein product. This variant has been reported in individuals affected with Lynch syndrome (PMID: 25980754, 26099011) and colorectal cancer (PMID: 20028993). This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Loss of MSH6 function is a known mechanism of disease (clinicalgenome.org). Based on the available evidence, this variant is classified as Pathogenic. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	May 31, 2022	The c.3516_3517delAG pathogenic mutation, located in coding exon 6 of the MSH6 gene, results from a deletion of two nucleotides at nucleotide positions 3516 to 3517, causing a translational frameshift with a predicted alternate stop codon (p.R1172Sfs*4). This mutation has previously been identified in a family with HNPCC/Lynch syndrome (Baglietto, L et al. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2010 Feb 3;102(3):193-201). This alteration is expected to result in loss of function by premature protein truncation or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. As such, this alteration is interpreted as a disease-causing mutation. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneKor MSA	Jan 01, 2020	This mutation is a deletion of two nucleotides from exon 6 of the MSH6 mRNA (c.3516_3517delAG), causing a frameshift at codon 1172. This creates a premature translational stop signal after 4 amino acid residues (p.Arg1172Serfs*4) and is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Truncating variants in MSH6 are known to be pathogenic. This mutation has been reported in association with Lynch syndrome (PMID: 20028993).The mutation database ClinVar contains entries for this variant (Variation ID: 92578). -

Lynch syndrome 5 Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Myriad Genetics, Inc.	Aug 24, 2023	This variant is considered pathogenic. This variant creates a frameshift predicted to result in premature protein truncation. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Greenwood Genetic Center Diagnostic Laboratories, Greenwood Genetic Center	Dec 31, 2021	PVS1, PM2, PS4_Moderate -

Lynch syndrome Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health

Jul 29, 2024

This variant deletes 2 nucleotides in exon 6 of the MSH6 gene, creating a frameshift and premature translation stop signal. This variant is expected to result in an absent or non-functional protein product. This variant has been reported in individuals affected with Lynch syndrome or Lynch syndrome-associated cancers (PMID: 20028993, 25980754, 26099011, 28888541, 30877237, 31491536). Tumor data from affected individuals demonstrated high microsatellite instability or loss of MSH6 protein via immunohistochemistry (PMID: 26099011, 30877237). This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Loss of MSH6 function is a known mechanism of disease (clinicalgenome.org). Based on the available evidence, this variant is classified as Pathogenic. -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Dec 12, 2023

This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Arg1172Serfs*4) in the MSH6 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in MSH6 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 18269114, 24362816). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with MSH6-related conditions. This variant is also known as c.3516_3517delAG (p.R1172fs). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 92578). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Endometrial carcinoma Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Baylor Genetics

Oct 12, 2023

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs398123232; hg19: chr2-48032123;