rs540100675

Positions:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points: 2P and 0B. PM2

The NM_001384474.1(LOXHD1):c.1759C>T(p.Arg587Trp) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000715 in 1,551,740 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00013 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000065 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

LOXHD1
NM_001384474.1 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:8

Conservation

PhyloP100: 5.03

Variant links:

Genes affected

LOXHD1 (HGNC:26521): (lipoxygenase homology PLAT domains 1) This gene encodes a highly conserved protein consisting entirely of PLAT (polycystin/lipoxygenase/alpha-toxin) domains, thought to be involved in targeting proteins to the plasma membrane. Studies in mice show that this gene is expressed in the mechanosensory hair cells in the inner ear, and mutations in this gene lead to auditory defects, indicating that this gene is essential for normal hair cell function. Screening of human families segregating deafness identified a mutation in this gene which causes DFNB77, a progressive form of autosomal-recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL). Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been noted for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010]

LOXHD1 links:

LOXHD1 (HGNC:):

LOXHD1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
LOXHD1	NM_001384474.1 linkuse as main transcript	c.1759C>T	p.Arg587Trp	missense_variant	13/41	ENST00000642948.1	NP_001371403.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	UniProt
LOXHD1	ENST00000642948.1 linkuse as main transcript	c.1759C>T	p.Arg587Trp	missense_variant	13/41		NM_001384474.1	ENSP00000496347.1	A0A2R8Y7K4
LOXHD1	ENST00000536736.5 linkuse as main transcript	c.1759C>T	p.Arg587Trp	missense_variant	13/40	5		ENSP00000444586.1	F5GZB4
LOXHD1	ENST00000441551.6 linkuse as main transcript	c.1759C>T	p.Arg587Trp	missense_variant	13/39	5		ENSP00000387621.2	Q8IVV2-1
LOXHD1	ENST00000335730.6 linkuse as main transcript	n.1072C>T		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	6/27	2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000131

AC:

AN:

152170

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000724

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000654

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.000385

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.000207

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.000188

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000162

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000883

AC:

AN:

158588

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.000120

AC XY:

AN XY:

83514

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000808

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.000265

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.000176

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.000118

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000491

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000650

AC:

AN:

1399452

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000695

AC XY:

AN XY:

690230

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.0000316

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.0000840

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.0000839

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.000202

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.0000609

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.0000602

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000131

AC:

AN:

152288

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000161

AC XY:

AN XY:

74468

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.0000722

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.0000653

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.000386

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.000207

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.000188

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.000162

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.000135

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000113

Asia WGS

AF:

0.000577

AC:

AN:

3478

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:8

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 77

Uncertain:3

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute	Jul 01, 2018	A heterozygous missense variant, NM_144612.6(LOXHD1):c.1759C>T, has been identified in exon 13 of 40 of the LOXHD1 gene. The variant is predicted to result in a major amino acid change from an arginine to a tryptophan at position 587 of the protein, NP_653213.6(LOXHD1):p.(Arg587Trp). The arginine residue at this position has very high conservation (100 vertebrates, UCSC), but is not located within a well established functional domain. In silico predictions for this variant are consistently pathogenic (Polyphen, SIFT, CADD, Mutation Taster) and the variant is present in the gnomAD database at a frequency of 0.009322% (17 heterozygotes, 0 homozygotes). The variant has been previously described as a VUS in individuals with autosomal dominant late-onset Fuchs corneal dystrophy (ClinVar, Riazuddin et al., 2012), however it has not been reported in individuals with hearing loss. Also, missense variants in this gene are not a well established mutational mechanism. Based on the information available at the time of curation, this variant has been classified as VARIANT of UNCERTAIN SIGNIFICANCE (VUS). -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics	May 05, 2022	- -
Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Natera, Inc.	Jan 16, 2020	- -

not provided

Uncertain:3

Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Joint Genome Diagnostic Labs from Nijmegen and Maastricht, Radboudumc and MUMC+	-	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Dec 13, 2023	Reported along with a second variant in the LOXHD1 gene in a patient with sensorineural hearing loss in the published literature; however, segregation information was not provided (PMID: 31827275); Reported as a heterozygous variant in a patient with sensorineural hearing impairment in the published literature; however, a second variant in LOXHD1 gene was not reported (PMID: 25251670); Identified in a patient with late-onset Fuchs corneal dystrophy in published literature (PMID: 22341973); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 25251670, 31827275, 22341973) -
Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Clinical Genetics DNA and cytogenetics Diagnostics Lab, Erasmus MC, Erasmus Medical Center	-	- -

not specified

Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine	Dec 31, 2015	The p.Arg587Trp variant in LOXHD1 has not been previously reported in individual s with hearing loss, but has been identified in 1/198 Asian chromosomes by the 1 000 Genomes Project (dbSNP rs540100675). Computational prediction tools and cons ervation analyses do not provide strong support for or against an impact to the protein. In summary, the clinical significance of the p.Arg587Trp variant is unc ertain. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp	Mar 08, 2022	Variant summary: LOXHD1 c.1759C>T (p.Arg587Trp) results in a non-conservative amino acid change located in the PLAT/LH2 domain (IPR001024) of the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 8.8e-05 in 158588 control chromosomes (gnomAD). This frequency is not significantly higher than expected for a pathogenic variant in LOXHD1 causing Nonsyndromic Hearing Loss And Deafness, Type 77 (8.8e-05 vs 0.0011), allowing no conclusion about variant significance. c.1759C>T has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with Congenital hearing impairment or Fuchs corneal dystrophy (e.g. Riazuddin_2012, Chai_2014, Downie_2020). These data do not allow any conclusion about variant significance. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Two ClinVar submitters have assessed this variant since 2014: both classified the variant as of uncertain significance. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.70

BayesDel_addAF

Uncertain

0.037

BayesDel_noAF

Uncertain

0.090

CADD

Uncertain

DANN

Uncertain

0.98

Eigen

Uncertain

0.38

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.38

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.93

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

0.97

D;D;D

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.091

MetaRNN

Uncertain

0.70

D;D;D

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.20

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.62

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-6.0

D;.;.

REVEL

Uncertain

0.53

Sift

Uncertain

0.0090

D;.;.

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

D;.;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;.;.

Vest4

0.85

MVP

0.22

ClinPred

0.84

GERP RS

4.3

Varity_R

0.64

gMVP

0.78

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.010

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over