Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1PM2PP5_Very_Strong
The NM_007194.4(CHEK2):c.444+2T>G variant causes a splice donor, intron change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000657 in 152,288 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 2/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).
CHEK2 (HGNC:16627): (checkpoint kinase 2) In response to DNA damage and replication blocks, cell cycle progression is halted through the control of critical cell cycle regulators. The protein encoded by this gene is a cell cycle checkpoint regulator and putative tumor suppressor. It contains a forkhead-associated protein interaction domain essential for activation in response to DNA damage and is rapidly phosphorylated in response to replication blocks and DNA damage. When activated, the encoded protein is known to inhibit CDC25C phosphatase, preventing entry into mitosis, and has been shown to stabilize the tumor suppressor protein p53, leading to cell cycle arrest in G1. In addition, this protein interacts with and phosphorylates BRCA1, allowing BRCA1 to restore survival after DNA damage. Mutations in this gene have been linked with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a highly penetrant familial cancer phenotype usually associated with inherited mutations in TP53. Also, mutations in this gene are thought to confer a predisposition to sarcomas, breast cancer, and brain tumors. This nuclear protein is a member of the CDS1 subfamily of serine/threonine protein kinases. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]
CHEK2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):
CHEK2-related cancer predisposition
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points.
PVS1
Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, LoF is a know mechanism of disease, Cryptic splice site detected, with MaxEntScore 8.7, offset of 4, new splice context is: gagGTaatg. Cryptic site results in frameshift change. If cryptic site found is not functional and variant results in exon loss, it results in frameshift change.
PM2
Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;
PP5
Variant 22-28725241-A-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-28725241-A-C is described in CliVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. Clinvar id is 2584223.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Genomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.
African (AFR)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
41582
American (AMR)
AF:
0.0000655
AC:
1
AN:
15276
Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
3466
East Asian (EAS)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
5186
South Asian (SAS)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
4826
European-Finnish (FIN)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
10610
Middle Eastern (MID)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
294
European-Non Finnish (NFE)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
68022
Other (OTH)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
2114
⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Genomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5. (p-value = 0.000000), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.
Allele Balance Distribution
Red line indicates average allele balance
Average allele balance: 0.375
Heterozygous variant carriers
0
0
1
1
2
2
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
0.95
Allele balance
ExAC
AF:
0.00000824
AC:
1
ClinVar
Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic
Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2
Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
This sequence change affects a donor splice site in intron 3 of the CHEK2 gene. RNA analysis indicates that disruption of this splice site induces altered splicing and may result in an absent or altered protein product. This variant is present in population databases (rs560596101, gnomAD 0.003%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with CHEK2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 2584223). Studies have shown that disruption of this splice site results in activation of cryptic splice sites, and produces a non-functional protein and/or introduces a premature termination codon (PMID: 26506619; internal data). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -
Jun 23, 2023
Myriad Genetics, Inc.
Significance:Likely pathogenic
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing
This variant is considered likely pathogenic. This variant occurs within a consensus splice junction and is predicted to result in abnormal mRNA splicing of either an out-of-frame exon or an in-frame exon necessary for protein stability and/or normal function. -