rs573374779

Positions:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -2 ACMG points: 0P and 2B. BP4_Moderate

The NM_001406875.1(PMS2):c.-427C>T variant causes a 5 prime UTR premature start codon gain change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000546 in 1,610,668 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000092 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000051 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

PMS2
NM_001406875.1 5_prime_UTR_premature_start_codon_gain

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:10

Conservation

PhyloP100: 2.65

Variant links:

Genes affected

PMS2 (HGNC:9122): (PMS1 homolog 2, mismatch repair system component) The protein encoded by this gene is a key component of the mismatch repair system that functions to correct DNA mismatches and small insertions and deletions that can occur during DNA replication and homologous recombination. This protein forms heterodimers with the gene product of the mutL homolog 1 (MLH1) gene to form the MutL-alpha heterodimer. The MutL-alpha heterodimer possesses an endonucleolytic activity that is activated following recognition of mismatches and insertion/deletion loops by the MutS-alpha and MutS-beta heterodimers, and is necessary for removal of the mismatched DNA. There is a DQHA(X)2E(X)4E motif found at the C-terminus of the protein encoded by this gene that forms part of the active site of the nuclease. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC; also known as Lynch syndrome) and Turcot syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2016]

PMS2 links:

PMS2 (HGNC:):

PMS2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -2 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.20348483).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PMS2	NM_000535.7 linkuse as main transcript	c.58C>T	p.Arg20Trp	missense_variant	2/15	ENST00000265849.12	NP_000526.2	P54278-1Q7Z3Q2B4DGM0

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PMS2	ENST00000265849.12 linkuse as main transcript	c.58C>T	p.Arg20Trp	missense_variant	2/15	1	NM_000535.7	ENSP00000265849.7		P54278-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000920

AC:

AN:

152110

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00228

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000294

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000489

AC:

AN:

245594

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000373

AC XY:

AN XY:

134084

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.000296

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000273

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000507

AC:

AN:

1458440

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000689

AC XY:

AN XY:

725546

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.000150

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.0000224

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.000499

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.0000162

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.000116

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000920

AC:

AN:

152228

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000121

AC XY:

AN XY:

74424

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00228

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000294

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Bravo

AF:

0.0000264

ExAC

AF:

0.0000686

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:10

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Lynch syndrome 4

Uncertain:3

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Myriad Genetics, Inc.	Apr 04, 2023	This variant is classified as a variant of uncertain significance as there is insufficient evidence to determine its impact on protein function and/or cancer risk. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Baylor Genetics	Mar 19, 2024	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	Nov 09, 2016	- -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Mar 31, 2023	The p.R20W variant (also known as c.58C>T), located in coding exon 2 of the PMS2 gene, results from a C to T substitution at nucleotide position 58. The arginine at codon 20 is replaced by tryptophan, an amino acid with dissimilar properties. This alteration was identified in a cohort of 1260 individuals undergoing panel testing for Lynch syndrome due to having a diagnosis of a Lynch-associated cancer and/or polyps (Yurgelun MB et al. Gastroenterology, 2015 Sep;149:604-13.e20). This alteration was also identified in an Asian individual diagnosed with 2 or more primary cancers (Chan GHJ et al. Oncotarget, 2018 Jul;9:30649-30660). This amino acid position is not well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Sep 19, 2023	This missense variant replaces arginine with tryptophan at codon 20 of the PMS2 protein. Computational prediction is inconclusive regarding the impact of this variant on protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold 0.5 < inconclusive < 0.7, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has been reported in individuals affected with Lynch syndrome-associated cancer and/or colon polyps (PMID: 25980754), breast cancer (PMID: 30093976), and gastric cancer (PMID: 36627197). This variant has been identified in 13/277000 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

not specified

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Nov 03, 2017

Variant summary: The PMS2 c.58C>T (p.Arg20Trp) variant involves the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. 4/4 in silico tools predict a damaging outcome for this variant (SNPsandGO not captured due to low reliability index). This variant was found in 13/271264 control chromosomes at a frequency of 0.0000479, which does not exceed the estimated maximal expected allele frequency of a pathogenic PMS2 variant (0.0001136). The variant was reported in one patient undergoing genetic testing for Lynch syndrome without strong evidence for or against pathogenicity (Yurgelun_2015). In addition, multiple clinical diagnostic laboratories/reputable databases classified this variant as uncertain significance. Taken together, this variant is classified as VUS. -

PMS2-related disorder

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided

clinical testing

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Feb 13, 2024

The PMS2 c.58C>T variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Arg20Trp. This variant has been reported in an individual with breast cancer and an individual undergoing Lynch syndrome genetic testing (Table S2, Chan et al. 2018. PubMed ID: 30093976; Table S2, Yurgelan et al. 2015. PubMed ID: 25980754). This variant is reported in 0.030% of alleles in individuals of South Asian descent in gnomAD and is interpreted as uncertain significance in ClinVar (https://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/216461/). At this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

Lynch syndrome

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health

Oct 06, 2023

This missense variant replaces arginine with tryptophan at codon 20 of the PMS2 protein. Computational prediction is inconclusive regarding the impact of this variant on protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold 0.5 < inconclusive < 0.7, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has been reported in individuals affected with Lynch syndrome-associated cancer and/or colon polyps (PMID: 25980754), breast cancer (PMID: 30093976), and gastric cancer (PMID: 36627197). This variant has been identified in 13/277000 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Sep 05, 2023

In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; Identified in patients with Lynch syndrome-associated cancers/polyps or breast cancer (Yurgelun et al., 2015; Chan et al., 2018; Zhang et al., 2023); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 25980754, 30093976, 11574484, 18768816, 36627197, 21239990) -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Nov 08, 2023

This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with tryptophan, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 20 of the PMS2 protein (p.Arg20Trp). This variant is present in population databases (rs573374779, gnomAD 0.03%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome and/or suspected Lynch syndrome (PMID: 25980754, 30093976). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 216461). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt PMS2 protein function with a positive predictive value of 80%. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.12

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.12

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.11

CADD

Uncertain

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.60

D;.

Eigen

Uncertain

0.47

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.42

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.88

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.87

D;D

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.16

MetaRNN

Benign

0.20

T;T

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.61

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.4

M;M

PrimateAI

Benign

0.23

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-5.3

D;D

REVEL

Uncertain

0.58

Sift

Uncertain

0.0080

D;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.0030

D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;D

Vest4

0.47

MutPred

0.48

Loss of disorder (P = 0.0024);Loss of disorder (P = 0.0024);

MVP

0.95

MPC

0.20

ClinPred

0.81

GERP RS

3.8

Varity_R

0.18

gMVP

0.46

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over