rs587776614

Positions:

• chr11-44275620-CA-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 11 ACMG points: 11P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5

The NM_021926.4(ALX4):​c.504del​(p.Asp169ThrfsTer12) variant causes a frameshift change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (no stars). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: ALX4 NM_021926.4 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic no assertion criteria provided P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -3.84

Genes affected

ALX4 (HGNC:450): (ALX homeobox 4) This gene encodes a paired-like homeodomain transcription factor expressed in the mesenchyme of developing bones, limbs, hair, teeth, and mammary tissue. Mutations in this gene cause parietal foramina 2 (PFM2); an autosomal dominant disease characterized by deficient ossification of the parietal bones. Mutations in this gene also cause a form of frontonasal dysplasia with alopecia and hypogonadism; suggesting a role for this gene in craniofacial development, mesenchymal-epithelial communication, and hair follicle development. Deletion of a segment of chromosome 11 containing this gene, del(11)(p11p12), causes Potocki-Shaffer syndrome (PSS); a syndrome characterized by craniofacial anomalies, cognitive disability, multiple exostoses, and genital abnormalities in males. In mouse, this gene has been shown to use dual translation initiation sites located 16 codons apart. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 11 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 11-44275620-CA-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr11-44275620-CA-C is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 5016.Status of the report is no_assertion_criteria_provided, 0 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
ALX4	NM_021926.4	c.504del	p.Asp169ThrfsTer12	frameshift_variant	2/4	ENST00000652299.1	NP_068745.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
ALX4	ENST00000652299.1	c.504del	p.Asp169ThrfsTer12	frameshift_variant	2/4		NM_021926.4	ENSP00000498217	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 37

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: no assertion criteria provided

Submissions by phenotype

Parietal foramina 2 Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

literature only

OMIM

Dec 01, 2000

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs587776614; hg19: chr11-44297170;