rs587776953

chr10-76036025-G-GC

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_001305581.2(LRMDA):c.150dup(p.Ala51ArgfsTer39) variant causes a frameshift change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000271 in 1,614,006 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.00019 (0 hom., cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.00028 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: LRMDA NM_001305581.2 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:5
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 2.06

Genes affected

LRMDA (HGNC:23405): (leucine rich melanocyte differentiation associated) This gene encodes a leucine-rich repeat protein. The encoded protein is thought to play a role in melanocyte differentiation. Mutations in this gene have been associated with autosomal recessive oculocutaneous albinism 7 (OCA7). Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2015]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 10-76036025-G-GC is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr10-76036025-G-GC is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 41917.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
LRMDA	NM_001305581.2	c.150dup	p.Ala51ArgfsTer39	frameshift_variant	3/7	ENST00000611255.5
LRMDA	NM_032024.5	c.66dup	p.Ala23ArgfsTer39	frameshift_variant	2/6
LRMDA	NR_131178.2	n.504dup		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	4/8

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
LRMDA	ENST00000611255.5	c.150dup	p.Ala51ArgfsTer39	frameshift_variant	3/7	5	NM_001305581.2	P1
LRMDA	ENST00000372499.5	c.66dup	p.Ala23ArgfsTer39	frameshift_variant	2/6	1
LRMDA	ENST00000593699.5	n.504dup		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	4/8	1
LRMDA	ENST00000593817.1	n.111dup		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	2/2	3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.000191 AC: 29 AN: 152178 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.0000965

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.000367

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.0000637 AC: 16 AN: 251300 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.0000589 AC XY: 8 AN XY: 135812

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.000141

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.000280 AC: 409 AN: 1461828 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.000254 AC XY: 185 AN XY: 727212

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.0000299

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.0000224

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.000355

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.000199

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.000191 AC: 29 AN: 152178 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.000148 AC XY: 11 AN XY: 74334

Gnomad4 AFR AF: 0.0000965

Gnomad4 AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE AF: 0.000367

Gnomad4 OTH AF: 0.00

Bravo AF: 0.000170

EpiCase AF: 0.000109

EpiControl AF: 0.000119

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Oculocutaneous albinism type 7 Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	ARUP Laboratories, Molecular Genetics and Genomics, ARUP Laboratories	Sep 18, 2023	The LRMDA c.66dup; p.Ala23ArgfsTer39 variant (rs587776953) is reported in the literature in several affected homozygous individuals (Bataille 2020, Gronskov 2013, Lasseaux 2018). This variant is also reported in ClinVar (Variation ID: 41917). This variant is found in the general population with an overall allele frequency of 0.007% (19/282,690 alleles) in the Genome Aggregation Database (v2.1.1). This variant causes a frameshift by inserting a single nucleotide, so it is predicted to result in a truncated protein or mRNA subject to nonsense-mediated decay. Based on available information, this variant is considered to be pathogenic. References: Bataille P et al. Clinical variability and probable founder effect in oculocutaneous albinism type 7. Clin Genet. 2020 Mar;97(3):527-528. PMID: 31694064. Gronskov K et al. Mutations in c10orf11, a melanocyte-differentiation gene, cause autosomal-recessive albinism. Am J Hum Genet. 2013 Mar 7;92(3):415-21. PMID: 23395477. Lasseaux E et al. Molecular characterization of a series of 990 index patients with albinism. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2018 Jul;31(4):466-474. PMID: 29345414. -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	literature only	OMIM	Mar 07, 2013	- -

not provided Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Jan 18, 2024	This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Ala23Argfs*39) in the C10orf11 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in C10orf11 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 23395477, 29345414). This variant is present in population databases (rs758262905, gnomAD 0.01%). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with oculocutaneous albinism (PMID: 23395477, 31694064). This variant is also known as c.150dupC. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 41917). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Mar 15, 2021	Frameshift variant predicted to result in protein truncation or nonsense mediated decay in a gene for which loss-of-function is a known mechanism of disease; Not observed in large population cohorts (Lek et al., 2016); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 29345414, 31980526, 31694064, 23395477) -

LRMDA-related disorder Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Jan 31, 2024

The LRMDA c.66dupC variant is predicted to result in a frameshift and premature protein termination (p.Ala23Argfs*39). This variant has been reported in the homozygous state in individuals with autosomal recessive oculocutaneous albinism (Grønskov et al. 2013. PubMed ID: 23395477; Supplemental Table, Holtan et al. 2019. PubMed ID: 31429209; Bataille et al. 2020. PubMed ID: 31694064). This variant is reported in 0.015% of alleles in individuals of European (Non-Finnish) descent in gnomAD. Frameshift variants in LRMDA are expected to be pathogenic. We interpret this variant as pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.060		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs587776953; hg19: chr10-77795783;